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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Culture consists of |
1. Specialized elements of the lifestyle of a group of people 2. Elements that are passed from one generation to another through communication, not genes. |
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Sex |
Refers to biological and physiological qualities that characterize men and women. |
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Gender |
Refers to socially constructed roles and behaviors that society deems appropriate for males and females. |
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Enculteration |
The process by which you learn the culture into which you're born. Native culture. |
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Acculturation |
Process by which you learn the rules and norms of a culture different from your native culture. |
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Assimilation |
Host culture becomes a part of immigrants culture. |
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7 metaphors of culture |
Salad/jelly beans iceberg tree melting pot software organism mosaic |
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Cultural emphasis in communication |
1. Demographic changes 2. Cultural sensitivity 3. Economic interdependency 4. Communication technology 5. Politeness 6. Communication competance |
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Cultural differences |
1. Individual and Collective Orientation 2. High- and low-context cultures 3. Power distances 4. Masculine and Feminine Culture 5. High- and low- ambiguity-tolerance culture 6. Long- and short-term orientation 7. Indulgence and restraint |
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Values of the Workplace for Asians |
1. Hard work 2. Respect for learning 3. Honesty 4. Openness to new ideas 5. Accountability 6. Self-reliance |
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Values of the Workplace for Americans |
1. Freedom of expression 2. Personal freedom 3. Self-reliance 4. Individual rights 5. Hard Work 6. Personal Achievement |
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Individualist Culture |
Teaches members the importance of individual values such as power, achievement, hedonism, and stimulation. |
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Collectivist Culture |
Teaches members the importance of group values such as benevolence, tradition, and conformity. |
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Universalism |
People are treated as individuals rather than in terms of the groups (racial, sexual, national) to which they belong. |
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Exclusionism |
Fosters strong in-group affiliation with much less respect for out-group members. |
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High-context Culture |
Culture in which much of the information in communication is in the context or in the person rather than explicitly coded in the verbal messages. |
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Low-context Culture |
Culture in which communication relies on explicit and direct language. |
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Face-saving |
Avoiding one's own or another's embarrassment. Seen in high-context cultures. |
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High-power-distance Cultures |
Power is concentrated in the hands of the few and great difference between these people and the average person. |
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Low-power-distance Cultures |
Power is more evenly distributed throughout the people. |
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Masculine Culture |
Values aggressiveness, material success, and strength. |
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Feminine Culture |
Values modesty, concern for relationships and the quality of life, tenderness. |
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High-Ambiguity-Tolerant Cultures |
Comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty, they minimize the importance of rules governing communication and relationships. |
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Low-Ambiguity-Tolerant Cultures |
Do much to avoid uncertainty and have a great deal of anxiety about not knowing what will happen next. See uncertainty as threatening and as something that must be counteracted. |
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Long-term orientation |
Promotes the importance of future rewards, more apt to save for the future and to prepare for it academically. |
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Short-term orientation |
Look more to the past and present instead of saving for the future they spend resources on the present. Want quick results from their actions. |
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Indulgence |
Emphasize the gratification of desires. Focus on having fun and enjoying life. |
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Life Control |
The feeling that you may do as you please, that you have freedom of choice to do or not do what you want. |
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Leisure |
The feeling that you have leisure time to do what you find fun. |
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Restaint |
Foster the curbing of gratification. |
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Intercultural Communication |
Communication between persons who have different cultural beliefs. |
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Cultural sensitivity |
An attitude and way of behaving in which you're aware of and acknowledge cultural differences. |
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Guidelines for intercultural Communication |
1. Prepare yourself 2. Reduce your ethnocentrism 3. Confront your stereotypes 4. Be mindful 5. Avoid overattribution 6. Recognize differences 7. Adjust your communication |
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Ethnic Identity |
A commitment to the beliefs and philosophy of your culture. |
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Ethnocentrism |
The tendency to see others and their behaviors through your own cultural filters. |
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Stereotype |
A fixed impression of a group of people. |
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Accents |
The emphasis or stress you place on various syllables. |
