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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Culture can be adaptive or maladaptive. It is maladaptive when… |
cultural traits, patterns, and inventions threaten the group’s continued survival and reproduction and thus its very existence |
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What of the following is a cultural generality? |
the nuclear family |
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what are cultural particularities? |
traits unique to a given culture, not shared with others |
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The tendency to view one’s own culture as superior and to use one’s own standards/values in judging others is called… |
ethnocentrism |
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In anthropology, cultural relativism is not a moal position but a methodoloical one. It states that |
to understand another culture fully, we must try to undertstand how the people in that culture see things |
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Human rights are seen as inalienable. This means that... |
nations cannot abridge or terminate them. |
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What is the term for the kind of cultural change that results when two or more cultures have consistance firsthand contact? |
acculturation |
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Which of the following is an example of independent, the process by which people in differnt societies have innovated and changed in similar but independent ways? |
agriculture |
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T or F: cultures are integrated, patterned systems in which a change in one part often leads to changes in other parts |
true |
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T or F: Although humans to emply tools much more than any other animal does, tool use turns up among several nonhuman species |
True |
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Regarding human capacity for culture, anthropologists agree that... |
although individuals differ in their emotional and intelectual capacites, all human populations have equivalent capacities for culture |
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T or F: cultural particularites are unique to certain cultures, while cultural generalites are common to several cultures |
true |
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T or F: Cultural relativists believe that a culture should be judged only according to the standards and traditions of that culture and not according to the standards of other cultural traditions. |
True |
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T or F: Diffusion plays an important role in spreading cultural traits around the world. |
true |
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Anthropologist Clifford Geertz defined culture as ideas based on cultural learning and symbols. For anthropologist Leslie White, culture originated when our ancestors acquired the ability to use symbols. What is a symbol? |
something verbal or nonverbal within a particular language or culture that comes to stand for something else, with no necessary or natural connection to the thing for which it stands. |
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T or F: In many countries, use of the English language reflects a colonial history and is thus a consequence of forced diffusion. |
True |
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T or f: Independent invention occurs when two or more cultures independently come up with similar solutions to a common problem |
True |
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T or F:Acculturation is the process by which people lose the culture they learned as children |
False |
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People must eat, but culture teaches us what, when, and how to do so. This is an example of how |
cukture take the natural biological urges we share with other animals and teaches us how to express them in particular ways |
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Something, verbal or nonverbal, that stands for something else is known as a... |
symbol |
