Chapter 19

Front 1

Black's formula

Back 1

developed by G.V. Black to standardize the exact size and angulation of an instrument

Front 2

blade

Back 2

may be flat or curved and have a rounded or cutting edge

Front 3

bur block

Back 3

rotary instruments are stored in a bur block; many variations and designs, such as round or rectangular shapes; come covered and may be magnetic; made of metal or plastic

Front 4

burnisher

Back 4

used to smooth rough margins of the restoration and to shape metal matrix bands

Front 5

burs

Back 5

are part of a group of instruments referred to as rotary instruments; used for cavity preparations, finishing and polishing restorations, surgical procedures, and dental appliance adjustments

Front 6

carborundum disc

Back 6

also known as Jo-dandy discs and separating discs; are thin brittle discs that break easily; they are double-sided and are used primarily in the dental laboratory to cut and finish gold restorations, but they can be used intraorally as well

Front 7

carver

Back 7

used to remove excess restorative material and to carve tooth anatomy int he restoration before the material hardens

Front 8

cement spatula

Back 8

used during restorative procedures; single-ended and made of stainless steel

Front 9

chisel

Back 9

used to shape and plane enamel and dentin walls of the cavity preparation

Front 10

chuck

Back 10

the head of the handpiece has a small, metal cylinder called a chuck

Front 11

composite instrument

Back 11

made of a high-grade thermoplastic material or anodized aluminum to prevent discoloration of the composite or glass ionomer restoration materials

Front 12

contra-angle

Back 12

attachment head or the low-speed handpiece; contra-angles hold burs, discs, stones, rubber cups, and brushes for intraoral and extraoral procedures

Front 13

cotton pliers

Back 13

shaped like tweezers with smooth surfaces or serrations on the ends of the beaks; used frequently during a procedure by the operator and the dental assistant to transport and manipulate various materials

Front 14

crown and collar scissors

Back 14

most commonly used with restorative procedures; have short blades that may be straight or curved; used to trim matrix bands, cut retraction cord, and in a variety of other ways

Front 15

cutting edge

Back 15

is formed by a bevel on the working end of the instrument

Front 16

electric handpiece

Back 16

are an alternative to the air-driven handpieces mainly used today; units can be calibrated to be used with existing air pressure and rheostats; can be used for all high- and low- speed needs; used for cavity preparation, endodontic procedures, contouring and trimming provisional crown and bridges, adjusting crowns, bridges, permanent restorations, prophys, and composite polishing

Front 17

excavator

Back 17

also known as spoon excavators; used to remove carious material and debris from the teeth

Front 18

explorer

Back 18

single- or double- ended instruments; the working end is thin, sharp point of flexible steel; examines the tooth structure for defects or areas of decay, examinations of restorations to check for faulty margins or fractures, and removal of excess materials from around the margins of restorations or from bases and liners in the cavity preparation

Front 19

fiberoptic light source

Back 19

greatly improve visibility of the treatment area for the operator; is carried along optical bundles in the tubing of the handpiece

Front 20

file

Back 20

used to trim excess filling material and to smooth the restoration, especially the margins

Front 21

finishing knife

Back 21

used to trim excess filling material

Front 22

frictional heat

Back 22

soem stones are considered heatless, thereby allowing the operator to polish a restoration without creating frictional heat

Front 23

friction-grip shank

Back 23

designated FG; is short, small, and smooth; these burs are used in friction grip, high-speed handpieces

Front 24

gingival margin trimmer (GMT)

Back 24

similar to the hatchet; blade on the GMT is curved; cutting edge is at an angle; double ended and paired; one end curves toward the left and the other curves toward the right; used during the cavity preparation, because one instrument is for the distal surfaces and another is for the mesial surfaces

Front 25

hatchet

Back 25

sometimes called enamel hatchets; similar to hatchets used to cut wood; paired left and right with a bevel on one side of the blade on one end and on the other end has a blade; used in a downward motion to refine the cavity walls and to obtain retention in the cavity preparation

Front 26

high-speed handpiece

Back 26

operates at 400,000 rpm and higher

Front 27

hoe

Back 27

an instrument used in a pulling motion to smooth and shape the floor of the cavity preparation

Front 28

low-speed handpiece

Back 28

operates at 30,000 rpm or less

Front 29

laboratory spatula

Back 29

used to mix impression materials and plaster

Front 30

latch-type shank

Back 30

designated RA; is shorter than the straight-shanked burs; has a notch that fits into the contra-angle handpiece and latches securely in place

Front 31

mandrel

Back 31

rods of various lengths that are used in low-speed handpieces with various abrasives

Front 32

manufacturer's number

Back 32

is found on the handle of the instrument; used when ordering the instrument, indicates the instrument's placement in a set of instruments

Front 33

microetcher

Back 33

a smaller version of the air abrasion units; used for intraoral sandblasting and dentin bonding

Front 34

monangle

Back 34

one angle

Front 35

mouth mirror

Back 35

a single-ended instrument made of metal or plastic; used for intraoral vision

Front 36

periodontal probe

Back 36

used to measure the depth of the gingival suclus

Front 37

woodson nstrument

Back 37

used to place and condense pliable restorative materials and ant to place cement bases in the cavity preparation

Front 38

plastic spatula

Back 38

used to mix composite resin materials

Front 39

preset tray system

Back 39

proveds an efficient menas of transporting instruments to the treatment room

Front 40

rheostat

Back 40

a foot control that activates and controls the speed of the handpiece

Front 41

rotary instrument

Back 41

include discs and stone and are designed to be used with dental handpieces; used in handpieces that operate at various speeds, both at chairside and in the dental laboratory

Front 42

shaft

Back 42

where the instrument is held by the operator

Front 43

shank

Back 43

connects the handle to the working end

Front 44

straight shank

Back 44

designated HP; long shank, functions with the straight, low-speed handpiece

Front 45

working end

Back 45

the end that performs the specific function of the instrument