Chapter 18 Penetrating Trauma

Front 1

Study of projectile motion and its interactions with gun, air and object it contacts.

Back 1

Ballistics

Front 2

Path projectile follows.

Back 2

Trajectory

Front 3

Force acting on projectile in motion to slow progress.

Back 3

Drag

Front 4

Outward motion of tissue due to projectile's passage, resulting in temp cavity and vacuum.

Back 4

Cavitation

Front 5

Size and shape of projectile at contact. Energy exchange surface of the contact.

Back 5

Profile

Front 6

Diameter of bullet expressed in hundredths of an inch. (.22)

Back 6

Caliber

Front 7

Swing or wobble around axis of projectile

Back 7

Yaw

Front 8

Weapon with:
Limited damage
Mushrooming profile
organ damage from direct projectile contact

Back 8

Handgun

Front 9

Weapon with:
Damage well past projectile
expanded temp cavity and exit wound

Back 9

Rifle

Front 10

Weapon with:
Semi and automatic modes
With ammo usually less damaging then domestic hunting rifle

Back 10

Assault Rifle

Front 11

Weapon with:
Slug, pellet or shot ammo
Limited range but close range shot could be lethal

Back 11

Shotgun

Front 12

Weapons with:
Low velocity
Injury due to direct weapon contact
Angle and depth maybe unknown leading to unknown internal dam.

Back 12

Knives and arrows

Front 13

High velocity projectile damage results from 3 things:

Back 13

Direct injury
Pressure shock wave
Temporary cavitation

Front 14

Connective strength and elasticity of on object or fabric

Back 14

Resiliency

Front 15

T or F: Connective tissue injuries have high resiliency and usually only lead to serious injury along projectile pathway.

Back 15

T

Front 16

___ organs have density but not resiliency leading to severe damage.

Back 16

Solid organs
(Liver, spleen, kidneys, pancreas and brain)

Front 17

__ organs are like containers holding fluid allowing for pressure wave to go in and out of organ with less damage.

Back 17

Hollow organs
(Bowel, stomach, bladder and heart)

Front 18

Filling of pericardial sac with fluid, therefore, not allowing heart to fill completely

Back 18

Precardial tamponade

Front 19

T or F:
Damage to lungs due to penetrating trauma is less extensive than any other body tissue.

Back 19

T

Front 20

Damage to chest cavity could lead to any of these 3 concerns:

Back 20

Pneumothorax
Tension pneumothorax
Open pneumothorax (sucking chest wound)

Front 21

__ is some of the body's densest, most rigid and nonelastic tissue.

Back 21

Bone

Front 22

Extremity injuries account for 60 - 80% of trauma, but only __% of fatalities.

Back 22

10%

Front 23

Any penetrating injury to the ___ should be considered serious for internal hemorrhage.

Back 23

Abdomen

Front 24

Because of the pressure driven dynamics of ___ any large chest wound can compromise breathing.

Back 24

Respiration

Front 25

Damage to the neck is likely to lead to one of these 3 concerns:

Back 25

Compromised airway
Severe bleeding
Neurological damage

Front 26

Bullet wounds to the head and skull can be especially ___.

Back 26

Lethal

Front 27

T or F: An ET tube is a good choice to secure an airway on a suicide attempt that blew most of their face off.

Back 27

False
Too dif due to damage of airway structures and blood.

Front 28

Exit wounds are about how big in relation to the size of the as the profile that made contact?

Back 28

Same size

Front 29

Exit wounds often have a ___ ___ look.

Back 29

Blown out

Front 30

T or F: Exit wounds may be the best indicator of the severity of damage done inside the body.

Back 30

T

Front 31

T or F: Preserving crime scenes should be our number one concern on a crime scene.

Back 31

False
PT care (after our safety of course)

Front 32

Surgical incision with scalpel into airway.

Back 32

Cricothyrotomy

Front 33

Introduction of needle or tube into airway.

Back 33

Cricothryostomy

Front 34

___ impaled objects unless in cheek and interfering with ___.

Back 34

Immobilize
Airway or CPR