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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Star |
ball of gases that gives off heat and light |
the sun is a star
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nebula |
A cloud of gas and dust in space.
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our solar system was formed from a nebula
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Protostar
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dense material in te center of a nebula that is about to become a star
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the protostar is formed in the third step to creating a star
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Binary stars
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two stars that revolve around each other
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binary stars will most likely eventually crash into to each other
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star cluster
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Large group of stars that travel together through space.
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there are different types of star clusters
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Spectrum
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the pattern of colors
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there are 7 different colors in the spectrum
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Spectrograph
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a graph for the spectrum
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scientists use these alot
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Spectroscopy
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the study of light coming from objects in space
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scientists have to record the different colors in space
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magnitude
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A way to measure a star's brightness.
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there are 2 different types of magnitude
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main sequence star
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A star that falls within a long, narrow, band across the H-R diagram.
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the sun is a main sequence star
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Red Giant
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stars that have very large absolute magnitudes
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red giants appear in the upper right corner of an H-R diagram
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Supergiant
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stars that are bigger and larger than red giants
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supergiants also appear in the upper right corner or the H-R diagram
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White dwarfs
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Very small, hot star
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white dwarfs appear in the bottom left middle on the H-R diagram
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Nova
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explosion where the outer layers of a star are blown off
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white dwarfs usually do this
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Supernova
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an explosion of a very large star
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after a supernova it can either be a black hole or a nuetron
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core
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Center of the Sun
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the core is the hottest part of the sun
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Photosphere
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light sphere
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a photosphere is the visible surface of the sun
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Chromosphere
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color sphere
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a chromosphere can only be seen under special conditions
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Corona
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the outermost layer of the sun's atmosphere
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a corona usually extends 1 km away from the sun
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sunspot
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Dark, cool area on the Sun's surface.
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sunspots usually move in groups in the same direction across the sun
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Prominence
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stream of gas that shoots high above the sun's surface
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a prominence is a stream of flaming gas
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Solar Flare
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eruption of electrically charged particles from the surface of the sun
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a solar flare is a build up of energy
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Nucleus
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center or the core of an atom
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in a nuclear reaction, a nuclei is changed
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fusion
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Reaction in which atomic nuclei combine to form larger nuclei.
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in fusion, four hydrgen nuclei are combined with helium nucleaus to form energy
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Constellation
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a group of stars that form a pattern in the sky
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one famous constellation is orion
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Galaxy
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huge collection of stars, gas, and dust that travel through space together
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there are many different galaxies
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ellipticl galaxy
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Galaxy shaped like a ball or slightly flattened ball.
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the stars in these galaxies are usually very old
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Irregular galaxy
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galaxy with no definite shape
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ireegular galaxies can be many different shapes
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Spril galaxy
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galaxy shaped like a flattened disk with spiral arms
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spiral galaxies usually have two or three arms that spiral out
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big bang
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Explosion that may have begun the universe about 14 billion years ago.
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the big bang theory is only a theory
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Black hole
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massive star that has collapsed and whose gravity is so powerful that it pulls in everything, even light
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if a planet is a safe distance away from a black hole it will just orbit around it
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Quasar
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continuous burst of brilliant light and enormous energy from a very massive black hole |
quasar are brighter than the light of a thousand galaxies
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