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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three components of the cardiovascular System?
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1. Blood
2. Heart 3. Vessels |
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Do not confuse the cardiovascular system adn Circulatory System. The Circulatory Systems consitis od the Cardiovascular system + the _____ System.
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Lymphatic
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Blood is a ______ tissue.
Its Functions Include 1. 2. 3. |
1. Transportation
2. Regulation 3. Protection |
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Transportation of Blood
1. carries ____ from lungs to body tissues. 2. ____wastes [CO2] from tissue to lungs,kidneys, and liver 3. nutrients from GI tract to body cells. 4._______ |
1. Oxygen
2. metabolic 3. 4.hormones |
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REGULATION of blood
1. __ via buffers 2. body _________ |
REGULATION
1. pH 2. temperature |
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PROTECTION of blood
1. blood loss (______) 2. Immunity and Immune responses |
1. platelets
2. WBC's |
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Name 3 Ways to Obtain Whole Blood for Clinical Purposes.
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1. Peripheral capillaries
2. Venipuncture 3. Arterial puncture |
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__% of plasma proteins are synthesized in the liver, so liver disorders can lead to problems with blood composition.
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90%
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PLASMA
ALBUMINE |
Keeps plasma in Blood Vessels.
Transport Protein Helps maintain osmotic pressure. |
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PLASMA
GLOBULIN |
Antibody Production
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PLASMA
FIBRINOGEN |
Blood Clotting
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Plasma is mostly water + proteins and other solutes such as vitamins and mineral
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Plasma is mostly water + proteins and other solutes such as vitamins and mineral
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Formed Elements
RBC's O2 transport WBC's immunity Cell Fragments platelets |
Relative percent of RBCs to total blood volume.
Males 46%, Females 42% levels change depending on health, so may be indicative of a problem. Such as low RBCs = anemia. |
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Hemapoesis
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process by which formed elemetns are produced via stem cell differentiation.
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Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
1. _____ disc, provides a large surface to volume ratio. 2. RBCs lack ______. Cannont reproduce. 3. RBCs make round trip in less than one ____. Lifespan is ____days. 4. Replaced at a rate of _____ new blood cells per second. |
1.biconcave
2. organells 3. minute; 120 days 4. 2 million |
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RBC Physiology
*All internal space is available for ___ transport *Generate _____ anaerobically *Dont use any ______. Hemogolbin = protien + pigment called heme with iron in the denter where O2 is transported. IRON ______ BINDS O2. |
*Oxygen
*ATP *Oxygen *Weakly |
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Hemoglobin also transports about ___% of total CO2.
Average levels: males 14-18 g/dl females: 12-16 g/dl |
13
*If tightly bound RBCs can't give up O2 easily. *Fewer RBC is fewer hemogolbin. |
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ANEMIA
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Reduction in the hematocrit and/or hemogolbin content of blood.
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Iron- deficient Anemia
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Slowing down of hemoglobin production resulting from inadequates iron in the diet.
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Thalassemia
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Inherited blood disorder resulting in an inability to produce adequate amounts of hemoglobin. Of Mediteranian decent.
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Sickle-Cell Anemia
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Inherited blood disorder in which an abnormal form of hemoglobin is produced.
*1 in 12 African carry sickle-cell *1 in 375 Africans have sickle-cell anemia. More prone to blood clots. |
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Blood Doping
Elevation of Hematocrit levels |
Reinfuse packed RBCs that have previously been removed and stored back into the athlete.
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EPO
erythropoesis-stimulate hormone Elevation of Hematocrit Levels |
Stimulate the body to produce more RBCs itself via injection of EPO.
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Hematocrit levels are tested sigs of elevated RBC are increased blood viscosity (thickness), increased workload on the heart, kidney damage, jaundice
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The More RBCs you have your Increasing your O2 carrying capacity which equals higher energy production.
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