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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of tissue is blood? |
Connective |
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Blood is 55% what and 45% what? |
55% plasma and 45% cells |
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Plasma is made of what? |
90% water and 10% sugar salt vitamins, hormones and proteins. |
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What is the ph level of blood? |
7.35 - 7.45 |
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What are the three cell types and functions? |
Erythrocytes: red blood cells that transport nutrients and oxygen Leukocytes: white blood cells, fighters Thrombocytes: plateleted clot blood |
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How much blood is in the human body? |
5 to 6 liters. |
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What's one thing erythrocyte dont have? |
They lack a nucleus. |
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What is hemoglobin? |
Iron carrying protein transports oxygen |
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How many RBCs are there compared to WBCs and how long do RBCs live for? |
1000 RBCs to 1 WBCs and RBCs live 100 to 120 days |
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The remains of RBCs get eliminated by this organ. |
Spleen |
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How many different Types of WBCs are there and what are they? |
1. Basophils 2. Eosinophils 3. Neutrophils 4. Monocytes 5. Lymphocytes |
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60% of all leukocytes are what of the 5? |
Neutrophils |
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What's the difference between granocytes and agranocytes? |
Basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils are granocytes Monocytes, lymphocytes are agranocytes. |
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What do basophils do? |
Contains heparin (prevents clotting, blood thinner) and histamine (allergy response. |
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What does eosinophils do? |
Phagocytic cells involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections |
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What's the difference between granocytes and agranocytes? |
Agranocytes dont have a cytoplasm. |
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What does neutrophils do? |
Phagocytic cells that accumulate at sites of infection. |
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What do monocytes do? |
Phagocytic cells that become macrophage (big eaters) and digest bacteria and tissue debris |
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What do lymphocytes do? |
Control the immune response, make antibodies to attack antigens |
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Define coagulation |
Clotting |
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What is agglutination? |
Clogging, globs the blood together (wrong blood type) |
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What is jaundice? |
Too much bilirubin no where for it to go. |
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What's the pathway to platelets? |
Hematopoietic stem cell - mega karyoblast - mega karyocyte - platelets |
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What's the pathway to erythrocyte? |
Hematopoietic stem cell - erythroblast - normoblast - reticulocyte - erythrocyte (rbcs) |
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Pathway to granulocytes? |
Hematopoietic stem cell - myeloblast - myelocyte - band cells - segmented - 3 granulocytes. |
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Pathway to blood clotting? |
Platelets - factors x - prothrombin - thrombin - fibrinogen - fibrin clot |
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What is the cardio vascular system? |
Heart: delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells of body tissue. The heart is a muscular pump blood vessels are the fuel line and transportation network. |
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What is the mediastinum? |
Space between the lungs |
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What's the difference between apex and base? |
Base is bottom apex is top |
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The apex of the heart points towards where? |
The left hip |
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What are the two upper and two lower chambers of the heart called? |
Upper are called atria Lower are called ventricles |
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What's the difference between arteries veins and capillaries? |
Arteries transport away from the heart, have elastic layer. Veins do not have elastic layer and have one way valves that travel back to the heart. Capillaries are 1 cell thick and have no muscle or elastic layers. |
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What is the biggest vein in the body? |
Vena cava (superior and inferior) |
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What is the biggest artery? |
Aorta |
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What is the myocardium? |
Muscle layer |
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What is the pericardium? |
Outer and inner layers (parietal and visceral) |
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What is the endocardium? |
Lining inside the heart? |
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Arteriols and venuoles are what? |
Small arteries and small viens |
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What is the pathway through the heart? |
Superior and inferior (vena cava) - right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonary valve - pulmonary artery - lung capillaries- pulmonary vein - left atrium - mitral or bicuspid valve - left ventricle - aortic valve - aorta |
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What is the difference between diastole and systole |
Diastole is when the heart is at rest Systole is when the heart contracts. |
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What does lubb, dubb and murmur mean? |
Lubb: closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves at the beginning of systole. Dubb: closure of aortic and pulmonary valves at the end of systole. Mumur: abnormal heart sound caused by improper valve closure. |
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What is the pacemaker of the heart? |
SA node. |
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What is the AV node |
This sends the excitation wave to a bundle of specialized fibres called atrialventrical bundled or bundle of his. |
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What is the bundle of His |
Helps form conductive myofibres that extend to ventricle walls and stimulate them to contract beginning systole a short rest period follows. |
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What is ECG or EKG |
Electrocardiogram: the record to use or detect electrical changes in the heart muscles as the heart beats. |
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What is blood pressure |
The force that blood exerts on the arterial walls |
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What is blood pressure |
The force that blood exerts on the arterial walls |
