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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pericarditis is an inflammatory or infectious process of the _____and _____ layers of the pericardium. The most common cause is____. Pericarditis may occur as an isolated diagnosis or in combination with another process; it can be local or general, acute or chronic |
Parietal Visceral Idiopathic |
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Etiology of pericarditis are: acute injury occurs, fibrin, white blood cells, endothelial cells are released and cover the parietal and visceral layers of the pericardium, the fibrin is an insoluble protein |
Friction between the layers causes irritation and inflammation |
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Two types of pericarditis are classified as _____ or______ |
Acute Chronic |
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Acute onset occurs within _____ weeks of the offending condition. It can last up to ____ weeks. |
2 weeks 6 weeks |
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Acute pericarditis may be dry and fibrinous creating a painful friction rub. This obstructs the venous system and lymphatic systems from draining properly and it seeps into pericardial sac causing effusion. This can relieve some of the pain. |
Fluid is typically clear, straw or amber, it's common to see blood or fibrous stands within effusion. |
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Pericardial effusion is usually > ____ml of fluid. Normal pericardial sac contains 10-30ml of clear serous fluid. |
100ml |
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_____ of accumulation is the key factor in how the heart compensates for extra fluid. |
Rate |
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Chronic pericarditis onset follows acute pericarditis. T/F? |
True |
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Chronic pericarditis can last up to ____ months |
6 |
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Complications from pericarditis include ______, ________ _______. |
Pericardial effusion Tamponade Constrictive pericarditis |
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A pericardial thickening and scarring of the parietal and/or visceral pericardium is called____. The layers become dense and adhere to one another, obliterating the pericardial space. Calcification may occur. |
Constrictive pericarditis |
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With constructive pericarditis the heart eventually becomes a totally noncompliant structure restricting ______ filling. |
Diastolic |
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Does the cardiac output increase/decrease from constrictive pericarditis? |
Decrease |
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What chambers does the constrictive pericarditis affect? |
Usually all 4 chambers, however it can be local. |
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If all for chambers are involved EQUALLY, the _____ _______ pressures within the right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary capillary wedge and left ventricle will equalize and elevate. This equalization is detected by catheterization. |
End diastolic |
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Treatment for pericardial constriction is _______. |
Pericardiectomy |
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Constrictive pericarditis in 2D echo page 256 |
M-mode with constrictive Color flow and Doppler with constrictive pericarditis |
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Restrictive/infiltrative CMO |
Constrictive pericarditis Pressure in chambers equalize E/a respiratory changes |
