Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
GERD
|
AKA: heartburn, is the most prevalent GI disease. It's made worse by eating a large meal & then lying down.
|
|
|
TX of GERD:
|
1. Decrease in stomach acid (Histamine2 Blocking Agents or Proton Pump Inhibitor) 2. Constrict cardiac sphincter (gastrointestinal stimulants) |
|
|
What is Barrett's esophagus?
|
When the lower esophagus becomes damaged from the acid. It effects 3 million people
|
|
|
Ulcers
|
Can be in the stomach or small intestine. Can be caused by Helicobacter pylori. Also from long-term use of NSAIDS
|
|
|
Histamine2 Blocking Agents
|
Blocks and inhibits gastric acid secretion by competitive inhibition of histamine action at the H2 receptors of parietal cells |
|
|
A Histamine2 Blocking Agent that treats GERD & Ulcers
|
cimetidine (Tagamet); it's the prototype but has sense been replaced with famotidine (Pepcid), alprazolam (Xanax), and (Nizatidine)
|
|
|
Adverse Reactions of Histamine2 Blocking Agents
|
slurred speech, headaches, confusion, sexual dysfunction
|
|
|
Proton Pump Inhibitors
|
inhibits gastric acid secretions; omeprazole (Prilosec) and lansoprazole (Prevacid)
|
|
|
Mechanism of Action of PPI
|
inhibition of the hydrogen/potassium adenosine triphosphatase enzyme system at the surface of gastric parietal cells
|
|
|
Adverse Reactions of PPI
|
headache, dizziness, diarrhea, nausea, mucosal atrophy of the tongue, xerostomia
|
|
|
Mixed Antiinfective Therapy for Ulcers
|
treatment with two antiinfectives and H2 or PPI. Tetracycline, metronidazole, clarithromycin, or amoxicillin with Pepto. Used for at least 2 weeks
|
|
|
Antacids (used to treat gastritis & ulcer symptoms) |
partially neutralize hydrochloric acid, increases absorption of levodopa & inhibits tetracycline, chlorpromazine, & digitalis. Antacids are contraindicated in the patients on a low sodium diet or with cardiovascular disease
|
|
|
Agents for IBD (ulcerative colitis & Crohn's Disease) |
Antiinflammatory drugs are the first line of tx (Azulfidine) Immunosupressant drugs (Imuran) (Laxative, Antispasmodics) |
|
|
|
|
