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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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absolute age
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teh fossil's age in years, could be estimated from the amount of sediment deposited above the fossil
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acquired trait
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a trait not determined by genes
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adapt
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in popuations, to change genetically over generations to become more suited to the enviornment
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adaptation
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an inherited trait that increases an organisms chance of survival in a particular enviornment
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adaptive advantage
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a favorable trait
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adaptive radiation
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an evolutionary pattern in which many species evolve from a single ancestral species
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analogous structure
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in evolution, structures in more than one organism that have similar appearance and function, but different embryotical origin
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artificial selection
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breeding of organisms by humans for specific phenotypic characteristics
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biogeography
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study of the geographical disruption of fossils and living organisms
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cast
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a type of fossil formed when sediments fill in the cavity left by a decomposing organism
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coevolution
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the mutual evolution of two different species interacting with each other
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conserve
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remained unchanged
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convergent evolution
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the process by ehich unrelated species become more similar as they adapt to the same kind of enviornment
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divergent evolution
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the process of two or more related species becoming more and more dissimilar
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extinction
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the dying out of a species
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fitness
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the ability of an individal to reproduce
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fossil
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the remains or traces of a once living organism
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homologous features
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similar features that originated in a shared acestor
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law of superposition
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a law that states that successive layers of rock or soil were deposited on top of one another and the lowest is the oldest
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mass extinction
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one of the brief periods of time during which large numbers of species disappeared
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mold
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a type of fossil formed from an inpression of the shape of tracks of an organism
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natural selection
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the process by which organisms with favorable variations reproduce at higher rates than those without such variations
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population
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all the members of a species that lived in the same area and make up a breeding group
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relative age
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saying the given fossil is younger or older than another fossil
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sediment
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dust, sand, or mud deposited over time by wind or water
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stratum
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in geology, a layer of soil or rock in a cross section of the earth
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uniformitarianism
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a principle that states that the geological structure of Earth resulted from the cycles of observable processes operate continuously
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vestigial
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referring to a functionless structure that was functional in an ancestral species
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