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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Due Process
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The Principle, guaranteed by the constitution, that federal and state government must not deprive an individual of life, liberty or property by unfair or unreasonable actions.
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Procedural due process
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The rules that police officers, courts, and lawyers must follow to protect persons who are suspected, accused, or convicted of a crime
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Substantive due Process
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The principle that ensures that laws must be fair to all citizens.
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Naturalization
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the process by which a person becomes a citizen
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Alien
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a person who is not a citizen of the country in which he/she lives
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Writ of habeas corpus
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literally meaning "you shall have the body"; a court order that requires a judge to evaluate whether there is sufficient cause to keep a person in jail.
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ex post facto
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Literally, "after the fact"; a law prohibited by the Constitution, that makes criminal an action that was legal when it was committed.
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Bill of attainder
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a law, prohibited by the Constitution, that pronounces a person guilty of a crime without trial.
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Search warrant
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a judges order authorizing the search of a persona and specifying what evidence can be seized.
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probable cause
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the reasonable order authorizing that a search of property will provide evidence in a criminal case
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exclusionary rule
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the rule that evidence gathered in violation of the constitution cannot be presented in a trial.
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indictment
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a legal statement charging a person with a crime or other offence.
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double jeopardy
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the act of bringing a person to trial a second time for the same crime.
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Bail
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an amount of money exchanged for the release of an arrested person as a guarantee of his or her appearance for trial at a specified time.
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eminent domain
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the governments right to take control of private property for public use.
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