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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pathology
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scientific study of dx. concerned with cause and pathogenesis - manner in which a dx develops. also concerned with structural and functional changes brought about by dx and their final affects on the body.
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pathogenic agents
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have special properties that allow them to invade the human body or produce toxins.
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etiology
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cause of disease.
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infection
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- invasion of colonization of body of pathogenic microorganism.
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infectious agent
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overcomes body's defenses
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disease
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- occurs when infection results in any change from a state of health. abnormal state in which part of body is not properly adjusts or incapable of performing its normal functions
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opportunistic
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cause dx under special condition - mutualistic becomes parasitic
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Mutualism
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microbe and host benefit from co-existence. E coli
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commensalism
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microbes benefits but doesn't hurt host - host is unaffected. staphylococcus epidermidis
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parasitism
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microbe benefits , host suffers
E. coli can become harmful |
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opportunistic pathogen
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E. coli can become harmful, but if it's other body parts like bladder, lungs, spinal cord, or wounds and can cause UTI, pulmonary infections, meningitis, abscesses.
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Communicable
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dx that is spread from host to host
chickenpox, measles, genital herpes, typhoid fever, TB |
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noncommunicable
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dx that is not spread from host to host
tetanus. Clostridium tetani produces the dx only when it's introduced into the body in a wound = rusty nail |
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contagious
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dx that is easily spread from host to host.
chicken pox, measles |
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sporadic
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occurs occasionally
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endemic
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constantly present
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epidemic
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acquired many new host in short time
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pandemic
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worldwide epidemic
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acute
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dx develops rapidly
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chronic
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develops slowly
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local
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limited to small area of body
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focal
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spread from local infection to specific areas
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subclinical
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(unapparent) - no noticeable signs and sx
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bacteremia
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bacteria in blood
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septicemia
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growth of bac in blood.= blood poisoning
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incubation time
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time between initial appearance of sx
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prodromal period
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characterized by appearance of 1st mild signs and sx
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period of illness
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dx at its height, all dx signs and sx are apparent
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period of decline
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sx and signs subside
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period of convalescence
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body returned to prediseased state, health restored.
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reservoir
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continual source of infectious agents
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Human
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- people with dx or asymptomatic carriers may have unapparent infections or latent dx.
AIDS, diphtheria, typhoid fever hepatitis gonorrhea amebic dysentery and streptococcal infections |
