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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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generation-to-generation change in the proportion of different inherited genes in a population that account for all of the changes that have transformed life over an immense time
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evolution
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inherited characteristic that improves an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
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adaptation
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process by which descendants of ancestral organisms spread into various habitats and accumulate adaptations to diverse ways of life
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descent with modification
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process by which individuals with inherited characteristics well-suited to the environment leave more offspring than do other individuals
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natural selection
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preserved remains or marking left by an organism that lived in the past
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fossils
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chronological collection of life's remains in sedimentary rock layers
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fossil record
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no longer existing as a living species on Earth
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extinct
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similar structure found in more than one species that share a common ancestor
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Homologous structure
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remnant of a structure that may have had an important function in a species' ancestors, but has no clear function in the modern species
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vestigial structure
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group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at the same time
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population
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difference among members of a species
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variation
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selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to produce offspring with desired genetic traits
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artificial selection
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all of the alleles in all the individuals that make up a population
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gene pool
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evolution on the smallest scale—a generation-to-generation change in the frequencies of alleles within a population
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micro evolution
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condition that occurs when the frequency of alleles in a particular gene pool remain constant over time
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Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
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change in the gene pool of a population due to chance
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genetic drift
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exchange of genes between populations
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gene flow
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contribution that an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation compared to the contributions of other individuals
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fitness
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medicine that kills or slows the growth of bacteria
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antibiotic
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