Chapter 13

Front 1

Crust

Back 1

The outermost solid layer of the Earth

Front 2

Moho Discontinuity

Back 2

The narrow zone of change between the Earth's Crust and the Mantle. A significant change in the Earth's mineral composition is thought to exist here.

Front 3

Mantle

Back 3

The portion of the Earth beneath the Crust and surrounding the core

Front 4

Asthenosphere

Back 4

Plastic Portion of the Mantle

Front 5

Mesosphere

Back 5

Rigid portion of the deep mantle

Front 6

Mineral

Back 6

A naturally formed inorganic substance that has an unvarying chemical composition

Front 7

Magma

Back 7

Molten material in the Earth's interior

Front 8

Rock

Back 8

Solid material composed of aggregated mineral particles at the Earth's surface

Front 9

Outcrop

Back 9

Solid rock that is found at the Earth's surface (Surface exposure of bedrock)

Front 10

Bedrock

Back 10

Residual rock that hasn't experienced weathering/erosion and is covered by soil, decompsed rock material.

Front 11

Igneous Rocks

Back 11

Rock formed by the solidification of high-temperature molten magma

Front 12

Sedimentary Rocks

Back 12

Rocks formed from the accumulations of sediment and mineral particles that is concolidated by the combination of pressure and cementation

Front 13

Metamorphic Rocks

Back 13

Rock that was originally something else byt has been drastically changed by the action of heat, pressure, shearing stress, or infusion of elements, all taking place at a substantial depth beneath the surface

Front 14

Foliation

Back 14

Banding that gives a wavy layered appearance to metamorphic rock

Front 15

Schist

Back 15

One of the most common metamorphic rocks; it is characterized by very narrow foliations

Front 16

Gneiss

Back 16

One of the most common metamorphic rocksl it is characterized by broad folations

Front 17

Topography

Back 17

Surface configuration of the Earth

Front 18

Landform

Back 18

An individual topographic feature

Front 19

Geomorphology

Back 19

The study of the characteristics, origin, and development of landforms

Front 20

Relief

Back 20

The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points in an area

Front 21

Uniformitarianism

Back 21

The concept that the "present is the key to the past" in gromorphic processes. The processes now operating have also operated in the same way in the past. The processes incolced are not temporary , are permanent and "slow-acting."