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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atmospheric pressure
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the pressure outside the body
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Intrapulmonary pressure
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is the pressure inside the lungs
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intrapleural pressure
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the negative pressure located inside the intrapleural space
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pulmonary ventilation
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the movement of air in and out of the lungs; also breathing
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inspiration
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when the muscles contract, intrapulmonary volume increases and pressure decreases, allowing air to rush into the lungs; increases size of thoracic cavity
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expiration
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when the muscles relax, air rushes out.
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surfactant
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located in the alveoli it helps expand the lungs. lubricant
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tidal volume (TV)
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the amount of air when it is breathed in and out of the lungs. normally 500 ml
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inspiratory reserve volume
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the amount of air that can be inhaled forcibly over the regular TV
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expiratory reserve volume
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the amount of air that can be exhaled forcibly over the TV. normal is 2100-3200 ml
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vital capacity
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is the amount of vital exchangable air, around 4800 ml in a typical healthy young male
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spirometer
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measures respiratory capacities
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phrenic and intercostal nerves
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regulates the activity of respiratory muscles (diaphragm and intercostals) in the brain
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medulla
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neural control center that controls the rythm of braething
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eupnea
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is the normal respiratory rate of 12-15 respirations per minute
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volition
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the act of voluntarily controlling your own breathing
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Chronic Bronchitis
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characterized by excessive mucus production and pooling in passageways. it severely impairs ventilation and gas exchange
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atelectasis
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is lung collapse. usually when air enters the pleural space via a chest wound.
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rales + wheezing
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are respiratory sounds that indicated the presence of diseased tissue, mucus, or pus
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hypoxia
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inadequate oxygen delivered to the boddy tissues; bluish tint
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Cystic Fibrosis
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most common lethal genetic disorder in the uS. Mucus clogs passageways and may cause infections. also impairs food digestion
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Asthma
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caused by chronically inflamed, hypersensitive bronchial passages that respond to tons of irritants. dyspnea, coughing, and wheezing
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