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272 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Front (Term)

Know

Normal anatomy of esophagus

Expands through thoracic cavity and diaphragm to the stomach

Stomach is a

Large smooth muscular organ

Three parts of stomach

Fundus body pilorus

The small intestines is _____ _____

Long coiled

Three parts of small intestines

Duodenum jejunum ileum

What is the measurement of the small intestine and large intestine

5 m long


4 cm in diameter

The head of the pancreas is in the

Second portion of the duodenum

Inferior thyroid branch of subclavian supplies the

Upper esophagus

Descending thoracic aorta supples the

Midesophagus

Harris branch of celiac axis and the inferior phrenic artery of the abdominal aorta supply the

Lower end of the esophagus

Varices may be seen to rise from the

Gastroesophageal arteries

Stomach: vascular supply if provided by

Right gastric arterial branch


Pyloric and right gastroepiploic branches of hepatic artery


Left gastroepiploic __________

The small intestines:


What lines the small intestine and contains the SMV nerves lymphatic and fat

Mesenteric

Supplies the duodenum through the right gastric


Gastroduodenak abd superior pancraticoduodenal branches

Celiac axis

The large intestine:


What supply both the small and large intestines

Celiac


SMA


IMA

The _____ supplies the intestine from the left border of the trv colon

SMA

The ______ tract is the largest endocrine .....

Gastrointestinal tract

Food is swallowed and goes to

Mouth, chewed, swallowed


Nutrients pass through wall of intestine into blood or lymph

What is rugae

Grooves that stretch out

Contractions of stomach help

Mix food up

Three layers of the smooth muscle in the stomach wall enable

To mash and churn food and move it along the peristalsis

Food is converted into

Chyme

What is chyme

What is broken down.


Liquid and food (soupy mixture)

The villi within the small intestine

Increase its surface area for digestion and absorption of nutrients

The _________ are found btw the villi and secret large amount of fluid that serve as a medium for digestion and absorption of nutrients

Intestinal glands

The hormone, ______, which if released by the stomach mucosa stimulates the gastric glands to secrete

Gastrin

Most of the digestion occurs with the

Duodenum

____ and _____ from the liver and pancreas are secreted into the duodenum to act on chyme and break own food particles

Bile and enzymes

______ is released by presences of fat in the intestine and regulates gallbladdde contraction and gastric emptying

Cholecystokinin

The most common laboratory data is

Blood in stool

_____ may present as a result of chronic loss

Anemia

Infection would show an elevation of the

White blood count

Increase in the _________ is found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Carcinoembryonic antigen

Clinical signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal problems

Nausea


Vomiting


Diarrhea

Colitis bowel abscess acute diverticulitis and appendicitis may be associated with

Gastrointestinal problems

Bowel layers : Mucosa

Directly contacts intraluminal contents

Bowel layers


Submucosa

Contains blood vessels and lymph channels

Rim of lucency is


Represents the wall and its periserosal fat produces the outer echogenic order of the tract wall

The _______ represents the wall and its periserosal fat produces the outer echogenic border of the tract wall

Rim of lucency

The bowel wall have how many layers

Five

The odd number of layers of bowel wall are

Echogenic

The even numbered layers of bowel layers are

Hypoechoic and measure 3-5 mm

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The gastro Antrum

.....

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

Located in the abdominal wall under McBurney's point

Vermiform appendix

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

Located in the abdominal wall under McBurney's point

Vermiform appendix

Scan around umbilicus to scan the

Appendix

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

Located in the abdominal wall under McBurney's point

Vermiform appendix

Scan around umbilicus to scan the

Appendix

If the appendix is ruptured you will see

Fluid around it

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

Located in the abdominal wall under McBurney's point

Vermiform appendix

Scan around umbilicus to scan the

Appendix

If the appendix is ruptured you will see

Fluid around it

The appendix measures

1-9 inches in length


Average 3 inches

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

Located in the abdominal wall under McBurney's point

Vermiform appendix

Scan around umbilicus to scan the

Appendix

If the appendix is ruptured you will see

Fluid around it

The appendix measures

1-9 inches in length


Average 3 inches

The cellular layers of the appendix

Serosa


Adventitia


.....

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

Located in the abdominal wall under McBurney's point

Vermiform appendix

Scan around umbilicus to scan the

Appendix

If the appendix is ruptured you will see

Fluid around it

The appendix measures

1-9 inches in length


Average 3 inches

The cellular layers of the appendix

Serosa


Adventitia


.....

The colon is a prominent

Fluid filled

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

Located in the abdominal wall under McBurney's point

Vermiform appendix

Scan around umbilicus to scan the

Appendix

If the appendix is ruptured you will see

Fluid around it

The appendix measures

1-9 inches in length


Average 3 inches

The cellular layers of the appendix

Serosa


Adventitia


.....

The colon is a prominent

Fluid filled

______ should be used to help determine whether the mass is within the colon seperate form the colon of colon itself

Water enema technique

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

Located in the abdominal wall under McBurney's point

Vermiform appendix

Scan around umbilicus to scan the

Appendix

If the appendix is ruptured you will see

Fluid around it

The appendix measures

1-9 inches in length


Average 3 inches

The cellular layers of the appendix

Serosa


Adventitia


.....

The colon is a prominent

Fluid filled

______ should be used to help determine whether the mass is within the colon seperate form the colon of colon itself

Water enema technique

You can see a ________ or ______ sign also viewing the stomach

Colon

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

The ____ is seen on sag scan to left of midline as a bulls eye or target shaped structure anterior to aorta, posterior to the left lobe of liver and inferior to the hemidiaphragm

Gastroesophagal junction

Vermiform appendix is

Long tubular structure that extends from the cecum

Located in the abdominal wall under McBurney's point

Vermiform appendix

Scan around umbilicus to scan the

Appendix

If the appendix is ruptured you will see

Fluid around it

The appendix measures

1-9 inches in length


Average 3 inches

The cellular layers of the appendix

Serosa


Adventitia


.....

The colon is a prominent

Fluid filled

______ should be used to help determine whether the mass is within the colon seperate form the colon of colon itself

Water enema technique

You can see a ________ or ______ sign also viewing the colon

Whirlpool or bulls eye

The gastro Antrum

.....

If the patient has a cystic mass in the LUQ you should

Determine whether the mass is the fluid filled stomach

To determine if a cystic mass in LUQ is the stomach you can

Give them a soft drink (bubbles)


Watch for change in shape or size


Alter patients positions by scanning in an upright or left or right lateral decubitus

The duodenum four parts

Superior portion


Descending portion


Transverse


Ascending

The duodenum serves as an excellent land mark for

Head of pancreas

Small bowel cannot usually be seen with

Us but can be seen with Ct

The _____ may be seen as a linear echo densities spaces 3-5 mm apart

Valvulae conniventes

The vulvulae is called the

Keyboard sign

You will see loops of bowel in

Pelvic area

A tube, 8 m long, extending from the mouth to the anus

Digestive (alimentary tract)

The part of the digestive system that is below the diaphragm

Gastrointestinal

Accessory of digestive glands

Salvitary glands


Liver


Pancreas

Label

1) superior duodenum


2) descending duodenum


3) transverse duodenum


4) ascending duodenum

Label

1) superior duodenum


2) descending duodenum


3) transverse duodenum


4) ascending duodenum

Front (Term)

Know

Front (Term)

Know

Front (Term)

Know

The SMA supplies the gut from halfway down the second part of the duodenum to the distal third of the

Transverse colon

The branches of the IMA

Left colic artery


Sigmoid artery


Superior rectalbartery

_____ is released form the small bowel to stimulate the secretion of bicarbonate to decrease the axis content of the intestine

Secretin

Is a thin loose layer of connective tissue

Serosa

Front (Term)

Know

Front (Term)

Know

Know

Front (Term)

Know

Alimentary tract is a table that is ___ long traveling from the mouth to ____

8 m long


Mouth to anus

Alimentary tract is a table that is ___ long traveling from the mouth to ____

8 m long


Mouth to anus

Is part of the digestive system that is below the diaphragm

Gastrointestinal tract

What are the three types of accessory digestive glands

Salivary


Liver


Pancreas