Chapter 12 Shock

Front 1

Afterload

Back 1

Force or resistance against which the heart pumps

Front 2

Anaphylactic Shock

Back 2

Severe shock caused by an allergic reaction

Front 3

Anaphylaxis

Back 3

Extreme, lie threatening, systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure

Front 4

Aneurysm

Back 4

Swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall

Front 5

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 5

Part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary activities of the body, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion of food

Front 6

Cardiac Tamponade

Back 6

Compression of the heart as the result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output

Front 7

Cardiogenic Shock

Back 7

Sate in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions.

Front 8

Compensated Shock

Back 8

Early stage of chock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss

Front 9

Cyanosis

Back 9

Blue skin discoloration that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood

Front 10

Decompensated shock

Back 10

Late stage of shock when blood pressure is fallign

Front 11

Dehydration

Back 11

Loss of water from the tissues of the body

Front 12

Distributive Shock

Back 12

Condition that occurs when there is a widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both.

Front 13

Edema

Back 13

Presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area

Front 14

Homeostasis

Back 14

Balance of all systems in the body

Front 15

Hypothermia

Back 15

Condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95 F

Front 16

Hypovolemic Shock

Back 16

Shock caused by fluid or blood loss

Front 17

Myocardial Contractility

Back 17

Ability of the muscle to contract

Front 18

Neurogenic Shock

Back 18

Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries

Front 19

Obstructive Shock

Back 19

Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the bodys tissues

Front 20

Perfusion

Back 20

Flow of blood through the body tissues and vessels

Front 21

Pericardial Effusion

Back 21

Collection of fluid between the pericardial dac and the myocardium

Front 22

Preload

Back 22

Precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up

Front 23

Psychogenic Shock

Back 23

Shock caused by a sudden temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting

Front 24

Pulmonary Embolism

Back 24

Blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow

Front 25

Pulse Pressure

Back 25

Difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure

Front 26

Sensitization

Back 26

Developing a sensitivity to a substance that initially caused no allergic reaction

Front 27

Septic Shock

Back 27

Shock caused by severe infection usually bacterial

Front 28

Shock

Back 28

Condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypoperfusion

Front 29

Sphincters

Back 29

Circular muscles that encircle and, by contracting, constrict a duct, tube, or opening

Front 30

Syncope

Back 30

Fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness

Front 31

Blood flow through the capillary beds is regulated by:

Back 31

the capillary sphincters

Front 32

The autonomic nervous system regulates functions such as:

Back 32

Disgestion

Front 33

Regulation of blood flow is determined by

Back 33

Cellular need

Front 34

Patients in cardiogenic shock should not recieve

Back 34

nitroglycerin

Front 35

__________ develops when the heart muscle can no longer generate enough pressure to circulate the blood to all organs.

Back 35

Cardiogenic shock

Front 36

Neurogenic shock is caused by:

Back 36

the radical change in the size of the vascular system

Front 37

________ is a sudden reaction if the nervous system that produces temporary vascular dilation and fainting

Back 37

Psychogenic shock

Front 38

Causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment for Cardiogenic Shock

Back 38

Causes: Inadequate heart function, disease pf muscle tissue, Impaired electrical system, disease or injury

Signs and Symptoms: Chest pain, irregular pulse, weak pulse, low bp, cyanosis, cool clammy skin, anxiety, crackles, pulmonary embolism

Treatment: Position comfortably, high flow oxygen, assist ventilations, transport properly, consider ALS.

Front 39

Causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment for Obstructive Shock

Back 39

Causes: Tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, pulmonary embolism

Signs and Symptoms: Dyspnea, rapid weak pulse, rapid shallow breaths, decreased lung compliance, unilateral decreased or absent breath sounds, decreased blood pressure, jugular vein distension, cyanosis

Treatment: ALS assist and/or rapid transport, administer high flow oxygen

Front 40

Causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment for Septic Shock

Back 40

Causes: severe bacterial infection

Signs and Symptoms: Warm skin or fever, tachycardia, low bp

Treatment: transport properly, high flow oxygen, assist ventilation, keep patient warm, consider ALS

Front 41

Causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment for Neurogenic Shock

Back 41

Causes: Damaged cervical spine, which causes widespread blood vessel dilation

Signs and symptoms: bradycardia, low bp, signs of neck injury

Treatment: secure airway, spinal immobilization, assist ventilations, high flow oxygen, preserve body heat, transport promptly, consider ALS

Front 42

Causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment for anaphylactic shock

Back 42

Causes: extreme life threatening allergic reaction

Signs and Symptoms: Can develop within seconds, mild itching or rash, burning skin, vascular dilation, generalized edema, coma, rapid death

Treatment: manage airway, assist ventilations, high flow oxygen, determine cause, assist with epinephrine, transport promptly, consider ALS

Front 43

Causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment for psychogenic shock

Back 43

Causes: temporary generalized vascular dilation, anxiety, bad news, sight of injury or blood

Signs and Symptoms: rapid pulse, normal or low blood pulse

Treatment: Determine duration or unconsciousness, position patient supine, record initial vitals, suspect head injury if slow to regain consciousness, transport promptly.

Front 44

Causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment for Hypovolemic shock

Back 44

Cause: loss of blood or fluid

Signs and Symptoms: rapid, weak pulse, low blood pressure, change in mental status, cyanosis, cool clammy skin, increased respiratory rate

Treatment: secure airway, assist ventilations, administer high flow oxygen, control external bleeding, keep warm, transport promptly, consider ALS

Front 45

What type of shock is a result of pump failure?

Back 45

Cardiogenic shock

Obstructive shock

-tension pneumothorax

-cardiac tamponade

-pulmonary embolism

Front 46

What type of shock is a result of poor vessel function?

Back 46

Distributive shock

Septic shock

Neurogenic shock

Anaphylactic shock

Psychogenic shock

Front 47

What type of shock is a result of inadequate fluid volume?

Back 47

Hypovolemic shock

-hemorrhagic shock

-non-hemorrhagic shock