Chapter 12 - Shock

Front 1

Afterload

Back 1

The force of resistance against which the heart pumps

Front 2

Anaphylactic shock

Back 2

Severe shock caused by an allergic reaction

Front 3

Anaphylaxis

Back 3

An extreme, life threatening, systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure

Front 4

Aneurism

Back 4

A swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall.

Front 5

Autonomic nervous system

Back 5

The part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary activities of the body, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion of food

Front 6

Cardiac tamponade

Back 6

Compression of the heart as a result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output

Front 7

Cardiogenic shock

Back 7

A state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions

Front 8

Compensated shock

Back 8

The early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss.

Front 9

Cyanosis

Back 9

A blue skin discoloration that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood

Front 10

Decompensated shock

Back 10

The late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling

Front 11

Dehydration

Back 11

Loss of water from the tissues of the body

Front 12

Distributive shock

Back 12

A condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arteriales, small venules, or both

Front 13

Edema

Back 13

The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in the body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area

Front 14

Homeostasis

Back 14

A balance of all systems of the body

Front 15

Hypothermia

Back 15

A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95 F (35 C)

Front 16

Hypovolemic shock

Back 16

Shock caused by fluid or blood loss

Front 17

Myocardial contractility

Back 17

The ability of the heart muscle to contract

Front 18

Neurogenic shock

Back 18

Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries.

Front 19

Obstructive shock

Back 19

Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body’s tissues.

Front 20

Perfusion

Back 20

The flow of blood through body tissues and vessels

Front 21

Pericardial effusion

Back 21

A collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium

Front 22

Preload

Back 22

The precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up.

Front 23

Psychogenic shock

Back 23

Shock caused by a sudden, temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that caused fainting (syncope)

Front 24

Pulmonary embolism

Back 24

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow.

Front 25

Pulse pressure

Back 25

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures

Front 26

Sensitization

Back 26

Developing a sensitivity to a substance that initially caused no allergic reaction

Front 27

Septic shock

Back 27

Shock caused by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection

Front 28

Shock

Back 28

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypoperfusion

Front 29

Sphincters

Back 29

Circular muscles that encircle and, by contracting, constrict a duct, tube, or opening.

Front 30

Syncope

Back 30

A fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness