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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does PO2 stand for?
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Partial Pressure in oxygen
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What does P50 stand for?
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Partial pressure when pigments are 50% saturated
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What happens as PO2 increases?
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As PO2 increases, the amount of hemoglobin that binds to oxygen increases, which means that the hemoglobin becomes more and more saturated until it reaches a 100%.
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What is cooperativity?
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As you bind oxygen a conformational change takes place, causing the other subunits to gain an increased affinity for oxygen as well. As a consequence, the oxygen binding curve of hemoglobin is sigmoidal, or S-shaped
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What contracts as a response to hypoxia in many vertebrates?
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The spleen contracts as a first response to hypoxia because the spleen stores red blood cells.
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Once the spleen contracts, what does this cause?
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The contraction increases hematocrit.
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What is hematocrit?
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the ACTUAL amount of red blood cells in your body. SO when the spleen contract, the red blood cell count increases.
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What is the Bohr effect or shift?
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Decreased pH, increased Co2 & increasing P50 resulting in DECREASED affinity of oxygen. This decrease in affinity causes a shift to the right on the graphs & && allows oxygen to be released to other active tissues/muscles in the body during exercise. AKA a GOOOOD THING :)
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What is the Root Effect?
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Oxygen is released from hemoglobin causing a shift in the graph
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What is a physostome fish?
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Salmon and eels! They can only fill their swim bladders by gulping air at the surface. They HAVE a connection b/w swim bladder and gut.
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What is a physoclist fish?
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Perch! They use a different method of filling up their swim bladdersTbc they have NO connection b/w swim bladder and gut.
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What controls what moves in and out of swim bladders?
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Gases move in and out of swim bladder via BLOOD!
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What is the gas gland?
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Secretion of gas INTO the BLADDER
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What is the oval gland?
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REABSORPTION of gas BACK into the blood.
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What does the gas gland allow the swim bladder to have?
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Gas gland acidifies the tissue causing a Bohr and Root Effect.
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What happens if you increase the amount of air in the swim bladder?
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The fish will float, if you decrease that amount they will sink.
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What does temperature, pH, CO2 levels do to the oxygen affinity?
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Increase in temp decreases oxygen affinity. Decrease in pH, decreases the oxygen affinity. Increase in CO2 decreases the oxygen affinity.
When all of this happens P50 is increased because it promotes oxygen delivery to warm muscles during exercise. |
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In the absence of temp, ph and Co2, what can change oxygen affinity?
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Organic modulators (DPG)which help oxygen unload at the appropriate tissues.
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