Chapter 12 Part 1

Front 1

agglomeration

Back 1

process involving cluster or concentration of people and activities. often refers to manufacturing plants and businesses that benefit from close proximity because they share skilled-labor pools and technological and financial amenities (justin huynh)

Front 2

break-of-bulk theory

Back 2

location along a transport route where goods must be transferred from one carrier to another. in a port, cargoes of ships are unloaded and put on trains and trucks for inland distribution (justin huynh)

Front 3

commodification

Back 3

the process through which something is given monetary value (justin huynh)

Front 4

commodity theory

Back 4

the scarcer something is, the more desirable it becomes (justin huynh)

Front 5

comparative advantage

Back 5

the ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another producer

Front 6

deindustrialization

Back 6

a phenomenon characterized by a share of total employment falling dramatically in more-developed countries (justin huynh)

Front 7

ecotourism

Back 7

a form of tourism, based on the enjoyment of scenic areas or natural wonders, that aims to provide an experience of nature or culture in an environmentally sustainable way (justin huynh)

Front 8

flexible production sustem

Back 8

a system of industrial production characterized by a set of processes in which the components of goods are made in different places around the globe and then brought together as needed to meet consumer demand (justin huynh)

Front 9

fordist

Back 9

highly organized and specialized system or organizing industrial production and labor. named after henry ford, it features assembly line production of standardized components for mass consumption (justin huynh)

Front 10

friction of distance

Back 10

increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance (justin huynh)

Front 11

gender empowerment measure

Back 11

compares ability of men and women to participate in economic and political decision making (justin huynh)

Front 12

gender inequality index

Back 12

a measure of the extent of each country’s gender inequality (justin huynh)

Front 13

global division of labor

Back 13

phenomenon whereby corporations and others can draw from labor markets around the world (justin huynh)

Front 14

globalization

Back 14

the expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes to the point that they become global in scale and impact (justin huynh)

Front 15

growth pole

Back 15

a point of economic growth, usually an urban location, benefiting from agglomeration economies, and interacting with surrounding areas spreading wealth from the core to the periphery (justin huynh)