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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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adversary system
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The legal system used in English-speaking countries in which two contesting parties present opposing views and evidence in a court of law
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charter
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The organizing document for a corporation or a municipality
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civil law
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nonpenal law dealing with private rights and responsibilities
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closed shop
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a workplace in which management hires only labor union employees (illegal in TX)
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criminal law
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law prosectuted by the state seeking punishment for violations of public concepts of morality
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deterrence
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discouraging of criminal behavior by threat of punishment
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due process
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The following of proper legal procedures. Due process is essential to guaranteeing fairness before the government may deprive a person of life, liberty or property
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FBI Index crimes
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crimes used a as national barometer of the crime rate (murder and non negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, grand theft and mother vehicle theft)
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libel
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published falsehood defaming a person's character
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misdemeanor
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a minor crime punishable by a county jail sentence or fine
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mores
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society's strong beliefs about wrong or right
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negligence
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failure to act with the prudence or care that an ordinary person would exercise
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personal recognizance
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a defendant's personal promise to appear; sometimes allowed instead of cash bail or bond
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plaintiff
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the party bringing a civil suit; often a private person or institution
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precedenct
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a previously decided legal case used as guiding principle for a current future case
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probable cause
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sufficient information to convince a reasonably cautious person that a search or arrest is justified
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punitive damages
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judgments in excess of actual damages intended to punish a defendant in a civil suit
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recidivist
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a criminal who commits another crime after having being incarcerated
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rehabilitation
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the effort to correct criminals' antisocial attitudes and behavior
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remedy
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the means to redress an injury, including relief form ongoing injury or compensation for past damages
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right to work laws
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laws that prohibit union shop agreements requiring new employees to join a union
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slander
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spoken falsehood defaming a person's character
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stare decisis
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the principle of following precedents in deciding legal cases
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tort
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a private or civil injury or wrong other than a breach of contract
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tort reform
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efforts to limit liability in civil cases
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union shop
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a workplace in which management in which requires all new employees to join a union or pay dues as a condition for employment (illegal tx)
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voir dire questioning
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the initial questioning of jurors to determine possible biases
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white collar crime
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Bribery, tax fraud, business fraud, embezzlement, and other nonviolent crimes usually committed by more prosperous individual than those who commit street crime
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writ of injunciton
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a court order to compel or restrain a particular action
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