Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Kinetic-Molecular Theory (KMT)
|
Describes the behavior of gases in terms of particles in motion; makes several assumptions about size, motion, and energy of gas particles
|
|
|
Elastic collision
|
Collision in which no kinetic energy is lost; kinetic energy can be transferred between the colliding particles, but the total kinetic energy of the two particles remain the same
|
|
|
Temperature
|
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter
|
|
|
Heat
|
A form of energy that flows from a warmer object to a cooler object
|
|
|
Diffusion
|
The movement of one material through another from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
|
|
|
Dispersion forces
|
The weak forces resulting from temporary shifts in the density of electrons of electron clouds
|
|
|
Dipole - dipole forces
|
The attractions between oppositely charged regions of polar molecules
|
|
|
Hydrogen bonds
|
A strong dipole-dipole attraction between molecules that contain a hydrogen atom bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom
|
|
|
Melting point
|
For a crystalline solid, the temperature at which the forces holding a crystal lattice together are broken and it becomes a liquid
|
|
|
Vaporization
|
The energy-requiring process by which a liquid changes to a gas or vapor
|
|
|
Evaporation
|
The process in which vaporization occurs only at the surface of a liquid
|
|
|
Vapor Pressure
|
The pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid
|
|
|
Boiling point
|
The temperature at which a liquids vapor pressure is equal to the external or atmospheric pressure
|
|
|
Freezing Point
|
The temperature at which a liquid is converted into a crystalline solid
|
|
|
Condensation
|
The energy-releasing process by which a gas or vapor becomes a liquid
|
|
|
Deposition
|
The energy-releasing process by which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a solid without first becoming a liquid
|
|
|
Law of conservation of energy
|
States that in any chemical reaction or physical process, energy may change from one form to another, but it is neither created nor destroyed
|
|
|
Calorie
|
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water by one degree celsius
|
|
|
Joule
|
The SI unit of heat and energy
|
|
|
Specific heat
|
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a given substance by one degree celsius
|
|
|
Calorimeter
|
An insulated device that is used to measure the amount of heat released or absorbed during a physical or chemical process
|
