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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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DNA |
genetic material that organisms inherit from parents |
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Griffith’s Experiment |
S bacteria injected into mice caused death and R bacteria injected into mice had no effect |
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1952 Chase and Hershey’s experiment |
Experimented with bacteriophages (2 components: DNA and protein) |
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Bacteriophages |
Kind of virus that affects bacteria |
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Chargaff’s Rule |
In DNA there is always equality in quantity between the bases A and T and between the bases C and G |
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Double Helix |
A pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis, especially that in the structure of the DNA molecule |
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Nucleotide |
Subunit of which nucleus acids are composed; made up of a 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous brace |
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Base pairing |
Principle that bonds in DNA can form only between Adenine and Thymine and between Guanine and Cytosine |
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Purines |
A colorless crystalline compound with basic properties, forming Uric acid on oxidation |
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Pyramidines |
A nitrogenous base similar to benzene and included cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA and RNA |
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Chromatin |
Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled are histones |
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Gene |
Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait, factor passes from patent to offspring |
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Gene |
Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait, factor passes from patent to offspring |
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Replicatoon |
The process by which DNA is copied |
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Gene |
Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait, factor passes from patent to offspring |
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Replicatoon |
The process by which DNA is copied |
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DNA polymerase |
Principal enzyme involved in DNA replication |
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RNA |
Single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribosome |
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RNA |
Single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribosome |
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Protein Synthesis |
Amino acids are linearly arranged into proteins through the involvement of ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA |
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RNA |
Single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribosome |
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Protein Synthesis |
Amino acids are linearly arranged into proteins through the involvement of ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA |
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RNA transcription |
Process where information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA |
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RNA polymerase |
Enzyme that links together, the growing chain of RNA nucleotides during the transcription using a DNA strand as a template |
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Messenger RNA (mRNA) |
Type of RNA that carries copies of instructions for assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell |
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Introns |
A segment of a DNA or RNA molecule, which does not code for proteins, and interrupt the sequence of genes |
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Exons |
Expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein |
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mRNA translation |
A ubiquitous process seen in almost all biological systems |
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Codons |
A sequence of three nucleotides together form unit of genetic code in DNA or RNA molecule |
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Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) |
Type of RNA that combines with proteins to form ribosomes |
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Initiation |
Action or process of starting, or beginning something |
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Transfer RNA (tRNA) |
Type of RNA that carries each amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis |
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Anticodon |
Group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to three bases of a codon of mRNA |
Has a t like tRNA |
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Elongation |
The lengthening, or extending of something for a certain purpose |
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Termination |
The action of bringing something or coming to an end |
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Chromosomal Mutations |
Any event that changes genetic structure or any alteration in inherited nucleic acid |
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Deletion |
Type of mutation, that involves a loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA |
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Duplication |
Type of mutation in which one or more copies of a DNA segment is produced |
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Duplication |
Type of mutation in which one or more copies of a DNA segment is produced |
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Translocation |
Occurs when a chromosome breaks in fragment in pieces, reattach the different chromosomes |
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Duplication |
Type of mutation in which one or more copies of a DNA segment is produced |
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Translocation |
Occurs when a chromosome breaks in fragment in pieces, reattach the different chromosomes |
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Inversion |
A chromosomal mutation involving the removal of a chromosome segment and reinsertion in the same location |
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Duplication |
Type of mutation in which one or more copies of a DNA segment is produced |
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Translocation |
Occurs when a chromosome breaks in fragment in pieces, reattach the different chromosomes |
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Inversion |
A chromosomal mutation involving the removal of a chromosome segment and reinsertion in the same location |
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Gene mutations |
A change in one or many more genes through a complicated process |
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Duplication |
Type of mutation in which one or more copies of a DNA segment is produced |
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Translocation |
Occurs when a chromosome breaks in fragment in pieces, reattach the different chromosomes |
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Inversion |
A chromosomal mutation involving the removal of a chromosome segment and reinsertion in the same location |
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Gene mutations |
A change in one or many more genes through a complicated process |
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Frameshift mutation |
Mutation that shift the “reading frame” of genetic messages, I answering her deleting a nucleotide |
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Duplication |
Type of mutation in which one or more copies of a DNA segment is produced |
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Translocation |
Occurs when a chromosome breaks in fragment in pieces, reattach the different chromosomes |
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Inversion |
A chromosomal mutation involving the removal of a chromosome segment and reinsertion in the same location |
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Gene mutations |
A change in one or many more genes through a complicated process |
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Frameshift mutation |
Mutation that shift the “reading frame” of genetic messages, I answering her deleting a nucleotide |
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Point mutation |
Gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has been |
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Duplication |
Type of mutation in which one or more copies of a DNA segment is produced |
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Translocation |
Occurs when a chromosome breaks in fragment in pieces, reattach the different chromosomes |
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Inversion |
A chromosomal mutation involving the removal of a chromosome segment and reinsertion in the same location |
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Gene mutations |
A change in one or many more genes through a complicated process |
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Frameshift mutation |
Mutation that shift the “reading frame” of genetic messages, I answering her deleting a nucleotide |
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Point mutation |
Gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has been |
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Nonsense mutatiob |
A genetic alteration that causes the premature termination of a protein |
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Duplication |
Type of mutation in which one or more copies of a DNA segment is produced |
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Translocation |
Occurs when a chromosome breaks in fragment in pieces, reattach the different chromosomes |
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Inversion |
A chromosomal mutation involving the removal of a chromosome segment and reinsertion in the same location |
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Gene mutations |
A change in one or many more genes through a complicated process |
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Frameshift mutation |
Mutation that shift the “reading frame” of genetic messages, I answering her deleting a nucleotide |
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Point mutation |
Gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has been |
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Nonsense mutatiob |
A genetic alteration that causes the premature termination of a protein |
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Polyploidy |
Condition in which an organism has an extra set of chromosomes |
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