Chapter 11: Plant Health Care

Front 1

True/ False-- Plant health care and integrated pest management are essentially the same thing.

Back 1

False

Front 2

Plant resources, produced through photosynthesis, are allocated among four primary functions:

Back 2

a. Growth
b. Maintenance (reproduction)
c. storage
d. Defense

Front 3

(Blank) can be described as any factor that limits a plant's ability to acquire sufficient light, water or essential minterals

Back 3

Stress

Front 4

The (Blank) and (Blank) in tree cells are indigestible to many insects and other animals, and even to some pathogens.

Back 4

Cellulose, Lignin

Front 5

Trees produce (Blank) such as tannins and phenols that have toxic or deterrent effects on certain insects.

Back 5

Allelochemicals

Front 6

True/ False-- Researchers have observed that rapidly growing trees are sometimes less resistant to certain insects and diseases.

Back 6

True

Front 7

(Blank) is the process of observing, identifying, recording, and and analyzing what happens with plants in the landscape.

Back 7

Monitoring

Front 8

The process of gathering information, assessing the severity and implications of the problem, determining client expectations, and deciding on a course of action is called (Blank)(Blank)(Blank)

Back 8

appropriate response process

Front 9

(Blank)(Blank)(Blank) is a systematic approach to insect and disease management that incorporates a combination of techniques including resistant plants as well as cultural, biological, and chemical control tactics

Back 9

Integrated Pest Management

Front 10

True/ False-- A simple degree-day model uses an established threshold temperature and the daily average temperatures to predict pest development stages.

Back 10

True

Front 11

When possible, arborists should select trees that are (Blank) to known insects or diseases.

Back 11

Resistant

Front 12

(Blank)(Blank) are organisms that are frequently encountered in landscapes, predictably cause injury to landscape plants, and may include particularly noxious pests in the area.

Back 12

Key Pests

Front 13

Extensive plantings of the same species, known as (Blank), can have catastrophic consequences if an uncontrollable problem is introduced.

Back 13

Monocultures

Front 14

PHC practitioners must choose from three pest management goals: (Blank),(Blank) and (Blank).

Back 14

Preventions, eradications, suppression

Front 15

True/ False-- Pesticides often kill the targeted pest within minutes or hours of applications, wheras biological control can take days or weeks to suppress a pest population

Back 15

True

Front 16

(Blank) pesticides are taken up by the plant and translocated throughout the branches and into the leaves.

Back 16

Systemic

Front 17

(Blank)(Blank) occurs when the pest population rapidly rebounds in the absence of natural enemies, which are slower to repopulate than the pest.

Back 17

Pest resurgence

Front 18

True/ False-- The use of multiple pesticides with different active ingredients or modes of action in a rotation system will increase the incidence of pesticide resistance.

Back 18

False

Front 19

True/ False-- Insecticidal soaps disrupt the cell membranes of soft-bodied insects and are effective on some scales aphids, mealybugs, and spider mites.

Back 19

True

Front 20

True/False-- Horticultural oil applications are always safe to use on trees in leaf because they have no phytotoxic properties.

Back 20

False

Front 21

(Blank)(Blank)(Blank) are synthetic compounds that act like insect hormones.

Back 21

insect growth regulators

Front 22

(Blank)(Blank) are derived from certain bacterial pathogens of insects.

Back 22

microbial pesticides

Front 23

Products that contain (Blank)(Blank) (bt) are examples of microbial pesticides that utilize insect pathogens or lethal microbial byproducts derived from extracts of bacterial pathogens of insects.

Back 23

Bacillus thuringiensis

Front 24

The beiological control strategy is based on the concept tha many insect pests live in a natural, dynamic balance with (Blank),(Blank)(Blank) and (Blank) that control pest populations.

Back 24

predators, parasites and pathogens

Front 25

True/ False-- PHC practitioners should identify short- and/or long term stress factors and remediate them using appropriate management techniques

Back 25

True

Front 26

select two species of trees in your area that have different genetic strategies for resource allocation. Compare and contrast the advantages and limitations of each

Back 26

fill in the blank

Front 27

Describe some of the defese mechanisms found in trees and discuss how they can be effective in limiting certain pests.

Back 27

fill in the blank

Front 28

discuss the various treatment and control strategies that can be implemented in control pest problems on plants and explain the advantages and limitations of each.

Back 28

fill in the blank

Front 29

Plant Health Care is comprehensive program to manage:
a. insects and disease of plants
b. tree health without the use of pesticides
c. the appearance, structure, and health of plants
d. pests, pathogens and abiotic disorders of trees

Back 29

c. the appearance, structure, and health of plants

Front 30

The mortality spiral describes the:
a. process of infection and spread of disease
b. cumulative effects of stress causing decline of plant over time
c. process in which pesticides eradicate both pests and beneficial insects
d. allocation of resources among growth, storage, and defense

Back 30

b. cumulative effects of stress causing decline of plant over time

Front 31

The process of gathering information assessing the severity and implications of the problem, determining client expetations, and deciding on a course of action is called:
a. the appropriate response process
b. integrated pest management
c. the cultural control mechanism
d. plant health care

Back 31

a. the appropriate response process

Front 32

A systemic pesticide is one that:
a. kills all living organisms
b. mechanical control
c. biological control
d. chemical control

Back 32

c. biological control