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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motivation
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The influences that account for the initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior.
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Motive
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A reason or purpose for behavior
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Instinct Theory
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A view that explains human behavior as motivated by automatic, involuntary, and unlearned responses
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Instinct
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An innate, automatic disposition toward responding in a particular way when confronted with a specific stimulus
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Homeostasis
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The tendency for organisms to keep their physiological systems at a stable, steady level by constantly adjusting themselves in response to change
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Drive Reduction Theory
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A theory of motivation stating that motivation arises from imbalances in homeostasis
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Need
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A biological requirement for well-being that is created by an imbalance in homeostasis
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Drive
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A psychological state of arousal created by an imbalance in homeostasis that prompts an organism to take action to restore the balance and reduce the drive
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Optimal Arousal Theory
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A theory of motivation stating that people are motivated to behave in ways that maintain what is, for them, an optimal level of arousal.
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Arousal
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A general level of activation taht is reflected in several physiological systems
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Incentive Theory
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A theory of motivation stating that behavior is directed toward attaining desirable stimuli and avoiding unwanted stimuli
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Hunger
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The general state of wanting to eat
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Satiety
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The condition of no longer wanting to eat
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Ventromedial Nucleus
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Region of hypothalamus that tells an animal that there is no need to eat- when destroyed animal will triple body weight
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Lateral Hypothalamus
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Contains networks to stimulate eating. When destroyed- animal will not eat.
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Obesity
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A condition in which a person is severely overweight, as measured by a body-mass index over thirty
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Anorexia Nervosa
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An eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and dramatic weight loss.
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Bulimia Nervosa
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An eating disorder that involves eating massive amounts of food and then eliminating the food by self-induced vomiting or the use of strong laxatives
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Sexual Response Cycle
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The pattern of physiological arousal during and after sexual activity
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Sex hormones
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Chemicals in the blood of males and females that have both organizational and activational effects on sexual behavior
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Estrogen
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A sex hormone that circulates in the bloodstream of both men and women; relatively more estrogens circulate in women
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Progestin
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A sex hormone that circulates in the bloodstream of both men and women, more in women
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Androgen
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A sex hormone that circulates in the bloodstream of both men and women, more in men
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Sexual Dysfunction
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A problem with sex that involves sexual motivation, arousal, or orgasmic response
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Need Achievement
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A motive influenced by the degree to which a person establishes specific goals, and experiences feelings of satisfaction by doing so.
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Subjective Well Being
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A combination of a cognitive judgment of satisfaction with life, the frequent experiencing of positive moods and emotions, and the relatively infrequent experiencing of unpleasant moods and emotions
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Emotion
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A transitory positive or negative experience that is felt as happening to the self, is generated in part by cognitive appraisal of a situation, and is accompanied by both learned and innate physical responses
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Attribution
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The process of explaining the causes of an event
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Excitation Transfer
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The process of carrying over arousal from one experience to an independent situation
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Social Referencing
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The process of letting another person's emotional state guide your own behavior
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