Chapter 10 Key Terms

Front 1

expressive violence

Back 1

violence that is designed not for profit or gain but to vent rage,anger,or frustration.

Front 2

instrumental violence

Back 2

violence used in an attempt to improve the financial or social position of the criminal.

Front 3

violentizatilon process

Back 3

according to lonnie athens,the pocess by which abused children are turned into aggressive adults.

Front 4

crusted over

Back 4

children who have been victims of or witnesses to violence and do not let people inside,nor do they express their feelings.

Front 5

subculture of violence

Back 5

norms and customs that, in contrast to society's dominant value system,legitimize and expect the use of violence to resolve social conflicts.

Front 6

disputatiousness

Back 6

behavior within culturally defined conflict situations in which an individual who has been offended by a negative outcome in a dispute seeks reparations through violent crimes.

Front 7

gang rape

Back 7

forcible sex involving multiple attackers.

Front 8

serial rape

Back 8

multiple rapes committed by one person over time.

Front 9

acquaintance rape

Back 9

forcible sex in which offender and victim are acquainted with each other.

Front 10

statutory rape

Back 10

sexual relations between an underage individual and an adult.

Front 11

marital rape

Back 11

forcible sex between people who are legally married to each other.

Front 12

marital excemption

Back 12

the practice in some states of prohibiting the prosecution of husbands for the rape of their wives.

Front 13

virility mystique

Back 13

the belief that males must seperate their sexual feelings from needs for love,respect,and affecftion.

Front 14

narcissistic personality disorder

Back 14

a condition marked by a persistent pattern of self-importance,need for admiration,lackof empathy,and preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited success,power,brilliance,beauty,or ideal love.

Front 15

aggravated rape

Back 15

rape involving multiple offenders,weapons,and victims injuries.

Front 16

consent

Back 16

in prosecuting rape cases,it is essential to prove that the attack was forced and tht the victim did not give voluntary consent to her attacker.

Front 17

shield laws

Back 17

laws designed to protect rape victims by prohibiting the defense attorney from inquiring about their previous sexual relationships.

Front 18

murder

Back 18

the unlawful killing of a human being(homicide) with malicious intent.

Front 19

premeditation

Back 19

consideration of a homicide before it occurs.

Front 20

deliberation

Back 20

planning a homicide after careful thought,however brief,rather than acting on sudden impulse.

Front 21

felony murder

Back 21

a homicide in the context of another felony,such as robbery,or rape; legally defined as first degree murder.

Front 22

second-degree murder

Back 22

a homicide with malice but not premeditation or deliberation,as when a desire to inflict serious bodily harm and a wanton disregard for life result in the victi's death.

Front 23

manslaughter

Back 23

a homicide without malice.

Front 24

nonnegligent manslauhghter

Back 24

a homicide commited in the heat of passion or during a sudden quarrel; although intent may be present,malice is not;also called voluntary manslaughter.

Front 25

involuntary manslaughter

Back 25

a homicide that occurs as a result of acts that are negligent and without regard for the harm they may cause others, such as driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

Front 26

negligent manslaughter

Back 26

a homicide that occurs as a result of acts that are negligent and without regard for the harm they may cause others, such as driving under the influence of alcohol or drug; also called involuntrary manslaughter.

Front 27

feticide

Back 27

endangering or killing an unborn fetus.

Front 28

infanticide

Back 28

the murder of a very young child.

Front 29

filicide

Back 29

murder of an older child.

Front 30

eldercide

Back 30

the murder of a senior citizen.

Front 31

serial killer

Back 31

the killing of a large number of people over time by an offender who seeks to escape detection.

Front 32

mass murder

Back 32

the killing of a large number of people in a single incident byu an offender who typically does not seek concealmentor escape.

Front 33

road rage

Back 33

a term used to describe motorists who assault each other.

Front 34

child abuse

Back 34

any physical,emotional,or sexual trauma to a child for which no reasonable explanation,such as an accident,can be found. child abuse can also be a function of neglecting to give proper care and attention to a young child.

Front 35

neglect

Back 35

not providing a child with the care and shelter to which he or she is entitled.

Front 36

sexual abuse

Back 36

exploitation of a child thropugh rape,incest,or molestation by a parent or other adult.

Front 37

acquaintance robbery

Back 37

robbers who focus their thefts on people they know.

Front 38

hate or bias crimes

Back 38

acts of violence or intimidation designed to terrorize or frighten people considered undesirable because of their race,religion,ethnic origin,or sexual orientation.

Front 39

thrill seeking hate crimes

Back 39

acts by hatemongers who join forcesto have fun by bashing minorities or destroying property; inflicting pain on others gives them a sadistic thrill.

Front 40

reactive(defensive)hate crimes

Back 40

perpetrators believe they are taking a defensive stand against outsiders whom they believe threaten their community or way of life.

Front 41

mission hate crimes

Back 41

violent crimes committed by disturbed individuals who see it as their duty to rid the world of evil.

Front 42

retaliatory hate crimes

Back 42

a hate crime motivated by revenge for another hate crime, either real or imaginary,which may spark further retaliation.

Front 43

workplace violence

Back 43

irate employees or former employees attack coworkers or sabotage machinery and product lines; now considered the third leading cause of occupational injury or death.

Front 44

sufference

Back 44

the aggrieved party does nothing to rectify a conflict situation; overtime,the unresolved conflict may be compounded by other events that cause an eventual eruption.

Front 45

stalking

Back 45

a pattern of behavior directed at a specific person that includes repeated physical or visual proximity,unwanted communications,and/or threats sufficient ro cause fear in a reasonable person.