Chapter 13 Key Terms

Front 1

enterprise crime

Back 1

the use of illegal tactics to gain profit in the marketplace. enterprise crimes can involve both the violation kof law in the course of an otherwise legitimate occupation or the sale and distribution of illegal commodities.

Front 2

white-collar crime

Back 2

illegal acts that capitalize on a person's status in the marketplace. white-collar crimes can involve theft,embezzlement,fraud,market manipulation,restraint of trade,and false advertising.

Front 3

organized crime

Back 3

illegal activities of people and organizations whose acknowledged purpose is profit through illegitimate business empire.

Front 4

corporate crime

Back 4

white-collar crime involving a legal violation by a corporate entity,such as price fixing,restraint of trade,or hazardous waste dumping.

Front 5

sting or swindle

Back 5

a white-collaer crime in which people use their institutional or business position to trick others out of their money.

Front 6

chiseling

Back 6

crimes that involve using illegal means to cheat an organization,it's consumers,or both, on a regular basis.

Front 7

insider trading

Back 7

illegal buyong of stock in a company based on information provided by someone who has a fiduciary interest in the company,such as an employee or an attorney or accountant retained by the firm.

Front 8

exploitation

Back 8

using others to commit crimes; for example, as contract killers or drug runners.

Front 9

influence peddling

Back 9

using an institutional position to grant favors and sell information to which their co-conspirators are not entitled.

Front 10

payola

Back 10

bribery of an influential person in exchange for the promotion of a product or service,such as giving radio dic jockeys payments to play songs.

Front 11

pilferage

Back 11

theft by employees through stealth or deception.

Front 12

organizational cime

Back 12

crime that involves large corporations and their efforts to control the marketplace and earn huge profits through unlawful bidding,unfair advertising,monopolistic practices,or other illegal means.

Front 13

actual authority

Back 13

the authority a corporation knowingly gives to an employee.

Front 14

apparent authority

Back 14

authorithy that a third party,such as a customer,reasonably believes the agent has to perform the act in question.

Front 15

sherman antitrust act

Back 15

law that subjects to criminal or civil sanctions any person "who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy "in restriant of interstate commerce.

Front 16

alien conspiracy theory

Back 16

the view that organized crime was imported to the united states by europeans and that crime cartels have a policy of restricting their membership to people of their own ethnic background.

Front 17

mafia

Back 17

a criminal society that originated in sicily and is believed to control racketeering in the united states.

Front 18

racketeering

Back 18

using an organization to operate or commit ongoing criminal activities,typical extortin,but also other crimes such as drug trafficking and loan sharking commited in an organized manner.

Front 19

cosa nostra

Back 19

a national syndicate of 25 or so italian-dominated crime families who control crime in distinct geographic areas.

Front 20

raceteer influenced and corrupt organization act

Back 20

federal legislation that enables prosecuters to bring additional criminal or civil charges against people whose multiple criminal acts constitute a conspiracy.

Front 21

enterprise theory of investigation

Back 21

a standard investigation tool of the fbi that focuses on criminal enterprise and investigation attacks on the structure of the criminal enterprise rather than on criminal acts viewed as isolated incidents.