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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
agribusiness
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commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations
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agriculture
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the deliberate effort to modify a portion of Earth's surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for sustenance or economic gain
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cereal grain
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a grass yielding grain for food
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chaff
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husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing
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combine
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a machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans gran while moving over a field
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commercial agriculture
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agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm
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crop
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grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season
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crop rotation
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the practice of rotating use of different fields from drop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil
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desertification
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degradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions like excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting
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double cropping
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harvesting twice year from the same field
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grain
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seed of a cereal grass
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green revolution
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rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers
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horticulture
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the growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers
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hull
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the outer covering of a seed
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intensive subsistence agriculture
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a form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land
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milkshed
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the area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied
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paddy
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Malay word for wet rice, commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah
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pastoral nomadism
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a form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals
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pasture
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grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals, as well as land used for grazing
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plantation
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a large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or wo crops for sale, usually to a more developed country
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prime agricultural land
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the most productive farmland
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ranching
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a form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area
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reaper
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a machine that cuts cereal grain standing in the field
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ridge tillage
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system of planting crops on ridge tops in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation
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sawah
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a flooded field for growing rice
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shifting cultivation
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a form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another' each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period
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slash-and burn agriculture
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another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris
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spring wheat
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wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer
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subsistence agriculture
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farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution, typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides
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swidden
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a patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning
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thresh
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to beat out grain from stalks by trampling it
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transhumance
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the seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures
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truck farming
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commercial gardening and fruit farming, so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities
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wet rice
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rice planted on dry land in a nursery and then moved to a deliberately flooded field to be blown away by the wind
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winter wheat
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wheat planted in the autumn and harvested in the early summer
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