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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is confabulation? |
The tendency not to remember accurately the event we are trying to recall; fill in gaps to remember what happened. Embellish the story that makes it difficult to distinguish what is accurate |
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What is encoding? |
The way we take information into our brains |
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What are the three ways we encode? |
Visually, acoustically, and semantically |
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What are the two theories of memory? |
The three box model and information processing |
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What is the three box model? |
Three interacting systems that come together for us to process info and retain it. First box: sensory memory --> Second box: short term memory --> Third box: long term memory |
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What are the steps of information processing? |
First step: to encode in any 3 ways Second step: store info inside brain Third step: recall and retrieve info ENCODING, STORAGE, RETRIEVAL |
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What is sensory memory? |
Also called fleeting impressions, entryway of memory |
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What is short term memory? |
Also called memories scratch pad, our working memory |
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What is long term memory? |
Final destination for information |
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What are the two types of long term memory? |
Procedural and declarative |
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What is procedural memory? |
Knowing how to do something such as driving a car |
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What is declarative memory? |
Declaring that something happened; memory of facts and events |
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What are the two types of declarative memory? |
Semantic and episodic |
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What is semantic memory? |
Broad categories: record of facts, meanings, concepts, and knowledge about the external world that we've acquired |
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What is episodic memory? |
Personal recollections |
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What is childhood amnesia? |
An ability to remember anything from those very first years of life |
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What is an reminiscent bump? |
When we remember a certain period of our lives and when we get older it becomes clearer |
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What are the two types of memory? |
Explicit and Implicit |
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What is explicit memory? |
Conscious memory; the intentional recollection of factual info, experiences, or concepts EX: memorizing a formula for a math test |
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What is implicit memory? |
Unconscious memory, the unintentional recollection of things |
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What is a trait? |
The habitual way of thinking, feeling, and behaving |
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What are the two types of personality style tests? |
Projective and objective |
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What is a projective test? |
Projects our unconscious conflicts and motivations |
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What is an objective test? |
A standardized questionnare |
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What are the two famous tests? |
Myer Briggs Type (MBTI) and Minnesota Multi-phasic Personality Inventory (MPPI) |
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What are the Big Five Traits? |
Introversion vs. Extroversion; Neuroticism vs. Agreeableness; Conscientiousness vs. Openness to Experience |
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What are the two ways of determining heredity and traits? |
Adopted children and identical twins raised apart |
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What are the seven defense mechanisms? |
Repression, projection, displacement, sublimation, reaction formation, regression, and denial |
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What is repression? |
blocking a threat, idea, or memory; blocks or distorts memory |
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What is projection? |
Attributing one's own unacceptable feelings and impulses to someone else |
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What is displacement? |
Directing one's own emotions, especially anger, towards things, animals, or a person that aren't the real object of one's feelings |
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What is sublimation? |
Displacement serves a higher purpose such as creation of art |
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What is reaction formation? |
Transforming anxiety producing thoughts or feelings into opposites |
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What is regression? |
Returning to more primitive levels of behavior in defense against anxiety or frustration |
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What is denial? |
Refusing to admit that something unpleasant is happening; blocks or distorts one's perception |
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What are the five stages of Freud's development of personality? |
Oral, anal, oedipal, latency, and genital |
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What are the three parts of Sigmund's theory of personality? |
I.D. --> Superego --> Ego |
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What is I.D.? |
The life and death instincts of an individual |
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What is superego? |
The inner voice inside of us that we call our conscious |
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What is ego? |
The referee between the superego and the I.D. |
