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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Circulatory system |
Distributes oxygen to cells. Transports waste products from cells |
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Skeletal system |
206 separate bones Osteology Arthrology |
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Digestive system |
Absorption Elimination |
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Respiratory system |
Supplies oxygen Eliminates carbon dioxide |
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Urinary system |
Regulates blood Eliminates waste products |
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Reproductive system |
Reproduces organism |
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Nervous system |
Regulates body activates |
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Muscular system |
Allows for movement Skeletal, vascular and cardiac types |
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Endocrine system |
Ductless glands of body Regulates body via hormones |
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Integumentary system |
Protects the body Eliminates waste through precipitation |
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Axial skeleton |
Central axis of body Skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum |
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Appendicular skeleton |
Limbs Shoulder and pelvic girdles |
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Long bones |
Limbs. Compact bone.Spongy bone.PeriosteumTibia/fibula Periosteum Tibia/fibula |
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Irregular bones |
Peculiar shapes (vertebrae, facial bones, and pelvic bones..) |
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Short bones |
Carpal and tarsal bones |
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Flat bones |
Calvarium , sternum, ribs, and scapula |
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Growth plates |
Children's ___ are visible in x-rays |
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Arthrology |
The study of joints |
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Fibrous joint |
Held together by fibrous tissue Immovable |
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Cartilaginous joint |
Held together by cartilage Limited movement |
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Synovial joint |
Synovial fluid in joint capsule Freely movable |
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Right side |
When displaying a radiograph, the left side of the patient on the radiograph will be on your ___ side |
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Body habitus |
A person's physique or body build |
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Hypersthenic |
Bodybuilders. Short wide lungs. Massive - 5% |
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Sthenic |
Average - 50% |
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Hyposthenic |
Lean. Slender - 35% |
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Asthenic |
Possible eating disorder. Longer lungs. Very slender - 10% |
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Anatomic position |
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Sagittal (midsagittal or median) plane [MSP] |
What body plane splits the person right down the middle between the eyes |
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Coronal (midcoronal) Plane [MCP] |
What body plane splits the person from front to back, dividing them into anterior and posterior portions |
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Oblique plane |
What plane is a diagonal cross section? |
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Horizontal (axial) plane |
What plane cuts the body in half from top to bottom, dividing the body into inferior and Superior portions |
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Anterior surface (ventral) |
Front of body |
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Posterior surface (Dorsal) |
Back side of body |
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Dorsum (dorsum pedis) |
Top of foot |
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Planter |
Bottom surface of foot |
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Dorsal (posterior, dorsal manus) |
Back of hand |
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Palmer (anterior) |
Front (palm) of hand |
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Projection |
Describe the path of the X-ray beam as it passes through the patient. |
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AP projection |
What projection? Enters through the anterior and exit through the posterior |
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Posterior - Anterior (PA) oblique projection |
What projection describes a diagonal angle with posterior facing away from the image receptor (IR) |
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Lateralmedial projection |
Used on extremities Turned on side |
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Mediolateral projection |
Used on extremities |
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Positions |
Either general or specific positions of the patient's body relative to the IR Starts with the closest body part to the IR |
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Supine |
What position? |
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Prone |
What position? |
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Trendelenburg |
What position? |
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Fowler |
What position? |
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Lithotomy position |
What position? |
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Modified Sims position |
What position? |
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Erect lateral position |
What position? |
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Recumbent lateral position |
What position? |
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Oblique positions |
What type of positions are these? |
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(RAO) right anterior oblique |
What position is this? |
What's closest to the IR |
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(LPO) left posterior oblique |
What position is this? |
What side is closest to the IR? |
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Decubitus (decub) position |
In radiographic positioning, this is always performed with the central Ray horizontal and the body on the back, front, or side |
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Left Lateral Decubitus (decub) position |
What position is this? |
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Dorsal Decubitus |
What position? |
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Axial projection |
Projection of a Extreme angle |
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Inferosuperior axial projection |
Are frequently performed for the shoulder and hip, where the CR enters below or inferior and exits above or Superior |
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Inferosuperior axial projection |
What projection? |
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Tangential projections |
Means touching a curve or Surface at only one point. This projection describes the central Ray that skims a body part to project the anatomy into a profile |
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Tangential projection |
What projection? |
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Lordotic chest position |
The long axis of the body rather than the CR is angled. A term that denotes curvature of the cervical and lumbar spine |
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AP lorotic chest position |
What position? |
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transthoracic lateral projection |
A lateral projection through the thorax.Requires a qualifying position term , right or left lateral position, to indicate which shoulder is closest to the IR and being examined |
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Transthoracic lateral shoulder projection / R lateral shoulder position |
What projection and position is this? |
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Dorsoplantar (DP) projection of the foot |
What projection? |
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Axial Plantodorsal (PA) of calcaneus |
What projection? |
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Medial vs. Lateral |
Refers to toward versus away from the center, or median plane |
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Proximal vs. Distal |
In regard to the upper and lower limbs , these would be the part closest to or away from the trunk, The Source or beginning of that limb |
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Cephalad angle |
Is any angle toward the head end of the body |
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Caudad angle |
Is any angle toward the feet or away from the head end |
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Caudad angle |
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Cephalad angle |
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Flexion |
Decreases the angle of a joint Ex. Positioning your wrist to your shoulder |
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Extension |
Increases the angle of a joint as the body parts move from a flexed to a straightened positioned |
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Hyperextension |
Extending a joint beyond the straight or neutral position |
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Hyperextension or dorsiflexion of wrist |
What movement? |
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acute flexion of wrist |
What movement? |
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Radial deviation of the wrist |
To turn or bend the hand and wrist from the natural position toward the radial side of the wrist. I.e. bone on thumb side |
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Ulnar deviation |
Is to turn or bend the hand and wrist from the natural position toward the ulnar side. I.e. the bone on the pinky side |
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Dorsiflexion |
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Plantar flexion |
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Eversion |
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Inversion |
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Medial rotation |
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Lateral rotation |
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Circumduction movements |
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Rotation |
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Tilt |
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View |
Describes body as seen by IR or other recording medium, such as a fluoroscopic screen |
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2 |
Long bones require how many projections |
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3 ( AP or PA, lateral, oblique) |
A minimum of how many projections when joints are in prime interest area |
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