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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the study of the structure (morphology, form) of body parts
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anatomy
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the study of the function of body parts
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physiology
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the smallest particle of an element such as Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), or Oxygen(O)
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atom
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a particle composed of 2 or more joined atoms such as carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H20)
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molecules
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a large molecule such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
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macromolecules
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a small organ of a cell, which performs a particular function such as cell membrane, nucleus, ribosomes
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organelles
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the basic unit of structure and function of living organisms
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cells
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a group of similar cells that performs a specialized function such as epithelia, connective, muscle, nervous
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tissues
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a structure consisting of a group of tissues that performs a specialized function
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organs
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a group of organs that act together to carry on a specialized function
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organ systems
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an individual living thing
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organism
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the tendency of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment
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Homeostasis
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senses change in environment
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Receptor
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Regulates set-point of variables
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Control Center
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organ that acts in response to changes
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Effector
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Head trunk neck
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AXIAL PORTION
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arms legs
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APPENDICULAR Portion
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CRANIAL CAVITY (brain) & VERTEBRAL CANAL (spinal cord)
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DORSAL CAVITY
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THORACIC CAVITY & ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY
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VENTRAL CAVITY
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lungs
mediastinum thymus heart esophagus trachea |
THORACIC CAVITY
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stomach liver spleen
gallbladder small intestine large intestine |
ABDOMINAL CAVITY
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urinary bladder
internal reproductive organs |
PELVIC CAVITY
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kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, and ureters are behind the abdominopelvic cavity
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RETROPERITONEAL
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a soft, thin, pliable layer of tissue
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Membrane
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covers a vital organ
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VISCERAL MEMBRANE
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lines a body cavity
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PARIETAL MEMBRANE
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fluid between a visceral and parietal membrane
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SEROUS fluid
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standing erect, face forward, upper limbs at sides, palms forward
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Anatomical Position
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a change in body position or body part position
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movement
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a reaction to a change taking place inside or outside the body
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responsiveness
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an increase in body size
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growth
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production of new organisms and new cells
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reproduction
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the process of obtaining oxygen, removing carbon dioxide, and releasing energy from foods
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respiration
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the breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used
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digestion
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the passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids
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absorption
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movement of substances from place to place in body fluids
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circulation
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changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms
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assimilation
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removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions
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excertion
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what are the 5 requirements of life
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water, food, oxygen, heat, and pressure
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most abundant substance in the body
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water
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Four major uses of water by the body
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metabolic processes, medium for metabolic reactions, to transport substances, and to regulate body temperature
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Substances that provide organisms with nutrients
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foods
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One-fifth of air
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oxygen
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The application of force on an object
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pressure
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pressure exerted by liquids, such as blood pressure
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Hydrostatic pressure
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The process of turning molecules that are ingested into forms that are compatible with the organism
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assimilation
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The heart lies specifically in the
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mediastinum
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membranes surround the lungs
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pleural
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Integration and coordination are properties of the _____ system of organs
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nervous
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system returns tissue fluids to the heart
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lymphatic
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An organ which is part of more than one system
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pancreas
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level of structural organization are atoms and molecules
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chemical
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which abdominopelvic quadrant would the pain of appendicitis most likely be felt
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right lower
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What structure lies within the right inguinal region of the abdominopelvic cavity
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cecum
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what is associated with extracellular fluid (ECF)
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plasma, fluid between cells, lymph
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differentiation occurs when
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Cells need to become specialized
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medical imaging technique depends on the use of x-rays moving in an arc around the body, producing a cross-sectional image
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computed tomography (CT) scanning
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The first medical imaging technique to be developed
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conventional radiography
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urinary bladder lies within which region of the abdominopelvic cavity
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hypogastric
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A medical imaging technique that shows where a substance that emits positively charged particles is being used in the body
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positron emission tomography (PET)
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A medical imaging technique that uses sound waves, shows no obvious harmful effects, is painless, and is used to image the fetus
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ultrasound scanning
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The following are sinus areas except which one:
A) frontal B) maxillary C) ethmoid D) cranial |
cranial
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The _____ system plays a role in moving fluids, wastes, and bones
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muscular
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The following are components of the excretory system except which one?
A) lungs B) large intestine C) integument D) salivary glands |
salivary glands
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The wrist is the most _____ part of the hand region.
A) proximal B) distal C) superior D) inferior |
proximal
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The lower ribs are located in the _____ region.
A) lumbar B) epigastric C) hypogastric D) hypochondriac |
hypochondriac
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What is the smallest level of organization considered to be living?
A) cell B) organelle C) tissue D) system |
cell
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A tumor on the side of the abdomen can be described as being on the _____ surface of the body.
A) anterior B) lateral C) medial D) posterior |
lateral
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The chin can be described as being on the _____ surface of the skull.
A) inferior B) lateral C) superior D) dorsal |
inferior
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Which of the following pairs of terms is not correct?
A) ophthalmic, eyes B) pectoral, chest C) axillary, armpit D) costal, abdomen |
costal, abdomen
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