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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What major characteristics tell that something is alive? |
They evolve and are cellular (Dr. Smith's favorites) as well as: Respiration, Reproduction, have Intellect, Move, respond to Change, Digestion, Circulation, Assimilation and Excretion. |
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What are the structural levels of organization in an organism? |
Subatomic Particles (P, N & E) --> Atoms (tiny building blocks of matter --> Molecules (protein & water) --> Macromolecules (DNA molecules) --> Organelles (Mitochondrion, Golgi) --> Cells (muscle or nerves) --> Tissues (simple, squamous) --> Organs (skin, femur, heart) --> Organ Systems (skeletal, digestive) --> Organism |
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Life depends on what 5 environmental factors? |
Water, Food, Oxygen, Heat and Pressure |
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Describe Water (4). |
* It is the most abundant substance in the body * Required for metabolic processes * Required for transport of substances * Regulates body temperature |
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Describe Food (3). |
* Provides necessary nutrients * Supplies energy * Supplies raw materials |
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Describe Oxygen (gas) (2). |
* 1/5th of all air * Used to release energy from nutrients |
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Describe Heat (2). |
* Form of energy * Partly controls the rate of metabolic reactions |
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Describe Pressure (3). |
* Application of force on an object * Atmospheric pressure - important for breathing * Hydrostatic pressure - keeps blood flowing |
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What is Homeostasis? |
Maintaining a stable internal environment. |
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What are Homeostatic Control Mechanisms? |
Mechanisms that monitor the aspects of the internal environment and corrects as needed. |
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What are the three parts of Homeostatic Control Mechanisms? |
* Receptor: Provides information about the stimuli * Control Center: Tells what a particular value should be (called the Set Point) * Effector: Ellicits responses that change conditions in the internal environment |
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What do Negative Feedback Loops do? |
* Prevent sudden, severe changes in the body * Correct the Set Point * Keeps bodily disruption from occurring |
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What are some examples of Negative Feedback Loops? |
* Body Temperature * Blood Pressure * Glucose Regulation * pH Regulation * Solute Levels * Hormone Levels |
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What do Positive Feedback Loops do? |
* Increases the actions of the body * Short lived * Do not require continuous adjustments |
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What are some examples of Positive Feedback Loops? |
* Blood Clotting * Child Birth |
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What is the major source of all the heat the human body produces? |
Muscle contraction |
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What is an example of antagonistic effectors? |
Muscles (contracting) to drives your body temp up VS. sweat glands that drive your body temp down.
They work against each other. |
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What is a Visceral Layer? |
A body layer that covers an organ |
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What is a Parietal Layer? |
A body layer that lines a cavity or body wall |
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What are the four Thoracic Membranes? |
* Viscera Pleura * Parietal Pleura * Visceral Pericardium * Parietal Pericardium |
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What are the two Abdominopelvic Membranes? |
* Parietal Peritoneum * Visceral Peritoneum |
