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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Structuralism?
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view which the content of consciousness should be analyzed by breaking it down into its basic elements and studying the relationships between them.
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Who proposed view Structionalism?
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Wilheim Wundt, he argued trained individuals could carry out task through introspection
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What is Introspection? (re: structionalism)
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a method in which individuals are exposed to specific stimuli under controlled conditions and report in detail on their conscious experiences in response to each stimuli
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Who brought concept of introspection to US?
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Edward Titchener
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what is functionalism?
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according to view emphasis should be placed on the practical application of how our consciousness helps us to cope with the challenges of a changing world
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Who is G Stanley Hall?
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First american psychologist, studied under Wundt, credited for bring psychology to US and being founder of first psychological lab in US
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Who is BF Skinner?
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famous behaviorist, studied how people learn by a process called operant conditioning
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What is operant conditioning?
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process here rewards and punishments are implemented to shape, maintain, and change behavior
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What is behaviorism?
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began early 1900's, belief that only observable behaviors that could be recorded and measured should be studied
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What is humanism(third forcein psychology) and name 2 humanist
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humanism,belief that people were inherently good and that they had free will
Maslow and Rogers |
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What are the 3 basic components of evolution? briefly define each
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variation means that organisms belonging to a particular species vary in may different ways,2) inheritance refers to fact that many variations can be passed from one generation to the next and 3) selection means some inherited variations give an organism an edge on survival
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When did the cognitive revolution take place , briefly define
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1970,s, syudy of mental activities that could not be seen almost taboo until 1950's, in 1970's it became so strong was know as the cognitive revolution
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Modern cognitve psychology came about due to?
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WWII focus on research on human performance and attention, growth of computer age and study of linguistics, cognitive theory emcompasses other disciplines mathematics and neuroscience
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Define Evolutionary psychology?
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focuses on how humans have adapted the behaviors required for survival in the face of environmental pressures over the course of evolution
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What is confirmation bias
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the tendency to verify our own beliefs
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Define availability heuristic:
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Emphasizing what comes to mind first or most readily, we tend to recall info that stands out because it is dramatic or unusual
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what is a hypothesis?
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specific testable staement about something to be studied, will always be phrases as a cause and effect relationship
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What is a dependent variable?
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measured at the end of an experiment, the dependent variable depends on changes to the independent variable
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A specific testable statement about something to be studied is?
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A hypothesis
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Measured at the end of an experiment _________variable depends on changes to the independent variable
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dependent variable
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The variable that is manipulated in order to determine the effects on other variables is?
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Independent variable
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The group that is exposed to the independent variable or the treatment is?
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Experimental group
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This group is exposed to the same environment as the experimental group, but not given the treatment is?
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Control group
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When researchers in direct contact with participants are not informed of the hypothesis or the condition of the participants it is called?
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Double blind procedure
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When an individual responds to a treatment because of their expectation about the treatment rather than the treatment itself it is called?
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The placebo effect
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systematic/naturalistic observation define
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Study of behavior in the natural setting
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What is (research)case method
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study of small number of persons
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what is a survey?
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large number of persons are asked questions about their views or attitudes
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Related to research methods what is correlation research
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researchers measure 2 or more variables to determine if they are related in anyway
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Related to research methods what is experimentation?
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The presence or strength of one or more variables is varied
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