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380 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Produces ammonia |
Haber process |
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Produces sulfur |
Claus process |
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Produce alkali metals |
Electrolysis |
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Reducing iron ore to iron |
Blast furnace |
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A structure containing a vertical heat-resistant furnace column filled with ore and fuel in which the chem. reactions take place |
Blast furnace |
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Describe blast furnace |
Air forced into furnace under pressure producing a hot flame; and iron is mixed with coke/carbon- slag forms at the top and liquid iron collects at the bottom and drains out a hole in the side |
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Replaced the blast furnace |
Direct iron reduction- uses methane (a natural element) |
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Ways to refine iron |
Basic oxygen process Electric-are furnace |
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Describe basic oxygen process |
A supersonic blast of oxygen is blown against the surface of the molten iron through a water cooled Lance to oxidase impurities. |
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Makes up 60% of steel production in U.S. |
Electric-arc furnace |
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Describe electric-arc furnace |
An electric arc between 2 carbon electrodes and and electricity is sourced through the 2 electrodes which provides the heat to melt the metal |
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How can stresses in steel be removed |
Annealing Tempering Hardening |
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Ways to harden steel |
Cold working- simplest Quenching Case hardening |
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Can extract gold and silver from low grade ores |
Cyanide process |
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A reaction of aluminum with oxygen |
Thermite process |
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Produces Al |
Hall-heroult process |
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Uses of hydrogen |
Synthesis of ammonia |
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Uses of oxygen |
Hospitals Breathing apparatuses |
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Uses of nitrogen |
Production of ammonia for fertilizers |
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Uses of phosphorus |
Synthesis of phosphoric acid and other phosphorus compounds Matches Specialized military ammunition |
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Uses of sulfur |
Sulfuric acid |
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Uses of fluorine |
Dental Refrigerants Polytetrafluorochloride |
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Uses of chlorine |
Bleaches/disinfectants Pvc Medicines |
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Uses of bromine |
Synthesis of halons |
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Uses of iodine |
Antiseptic action on cuts or scrapes |
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Uses of noble gases |
Helium- lifting gas in airships In electric lighting Electric discharge lamps Neon Lasers |
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Uses of sodium |
Manufacture of drugs and dyes |
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Way to soften water |
Ion-exchange resins |
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Uses of beryllium |
Windows in X-ray tubes |
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Uses of lead |
Car batteries |
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Used in helicopters, planes, and space craft because of its lightweight and heat resistant properties |
Titanium |
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Uses of uranium |
Fuel in nuclear power plants |
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Uses of silicon |
Computer products |
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10 most abundant elements in the earths crust in order |
1-O. 6- Na 2- Si. 7- K 3- Al. 8- Mg 4- Fe. 9- Ti 5- Ca. 10- P |
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Addition of hydrogen to double of triple bonds |
Hydrogenation |
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2 noble gases |
Helium Neon |
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The alkali metals |
Hydrogen H Lithium L Sodium Na Potassium K Rubidium Rb Cesium Cs |
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The alkaline earth metals |
Beryllium Be Magnesium Mg Calcium Ca Berium Ba Radium Ra |
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Forms of the same element that differ in properties but are the same element |
Allotropes |
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What's it called when something reacts with O to produce h2o and co2 |
Combustion |
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The primary component of the air. What %? |
Nitrogen 78% |
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The ability to convert atmospheric nitrogen to a form that can be used by plants |
Nitrogen fixation |
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Most important commercially available fertilizer in U.S. |
Urea |
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3 oxides of nitrogen |
Nitrous oxide N2O Nitrogen dioxide NO2 Nitrite ion NO2- |
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3 oxides of nitrogen |
Nitrous oxide N2O Nitrogen dioxide NO2 Nitrite ion NO2- |
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One of the most important inorganic acids |
Nitric acid |
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3 oxides of nitrogen |
Nitrous oxide N2O Nitrogen dioxide NO2 Nitrite ion NO2- |
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One of the most important inorganic acids |
Nitric acid |
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Produces nitrite acid |
Ostwald process |
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Used in dynamite |
Nitroglycerin |
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6th most abundant element in human body |
Phosphorus |
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What is slag |
Calcium silicate |
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What is slag |
Calcium silicate |
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What prevents the separation of fat and water |
Sodium salt of phosphoric acid (An emulsifier) |
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A group of natural and synthetic chemicals that are toxic to insects and are widely used to protect food crops from pests |
Organophosphates |
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A group of natural and synthetic chemicals that are toxic to insects and are widely used to protect food crops from pests |
Organophosphates |
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Most stable sulfur allotrope |
Rhombic |
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Most important chemical in U.S. |
Sulfuric acid |
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Produces sulfuric acid |
Contact process |
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Produces sulfuric acid |
Contact process |
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Formed when sulfur is burned in air |
Sulfur dioxides |
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Produces sulfuric acid |
Contact process |
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Formed when sulfur is burned in air |
Sulfur dioxides |
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Organic materials containing the -SH group |
Thiols |
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Special chemical used in air conditioners |
Refrigerants |
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Special chemical used in air conditioners |
Refrigerants |
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Chemically inert and has nonstick properties |
Polytetrafluorochlorene |
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Special chemical used in air conditioners |
Refrigerants |
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Chemically inert and has nonstick properties |
Polytetrafluorochlorene |
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Organic compounds having their hydrogen atoms replaced with fluorine atoms |
Perfluorocarbons |
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Special chemical used in air conditioners |
Refrigerants |
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Chemically inert and has nonstick properties |
Polytetrafluorochlorene |
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Organic compounds having their hydrogen atoms replaced with fluorine atoms |
Perfluorocarbons |
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One of the most versatile element in the periodic table |
Chlorine |
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And active ingredient in bleach |
Hypochlorite ion |
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And active ingredient in bleach |
Hypochlorite ion |
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A naturally occurring material containing a metal in sufficient concentration to make its extraction profitable |
Ore |
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And active ingredient in bleach |
Hypochlorite ion |
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A naturally occurring material containing a metal in sufficient concentration to make its extraction profitable |
Ore |
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A widely use separation method |
Flotation |
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A mixture of two or more metals |
Alloy |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
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What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
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What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
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What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
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What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
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What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
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Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
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What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
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What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
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Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
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Used in cement manufacture and iron ore reduction |
Calcium carbonate |
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Second most abundant element |
Iron |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most abundant metal |
Al |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
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What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
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What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
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Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
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Used in cement manufacture and iron ore reduction |
Calcium carbonate |
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Second most abundant element |
Iron |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most abundant metal |
Al |
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Most commonly used form of iron |
Steel |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
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What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
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What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
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Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
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Used in cement manufacture and iron ore reduction |
Calcium carbonate |
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Second most abundant element |
Iron |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
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Most abundant metal |
Al |
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Most commonly used form of iron |
Steel |
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An alloy of iron and a little carbon |
Steel |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
|
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What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
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What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
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|
Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
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Used in cement manufacture and iron ore reduction |
Calcium carbonate |
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Second most abundant element |
Iron |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
|
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Most abundant metal |
Al |
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Most commonly used form of iron |
Steel |
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An alloy of iron and a little carbon |
Steel |
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What are Alloy steels? |
Steels + other metals |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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Ground water |
Hard water |
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|
What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
|
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What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
|
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What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
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|
Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
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Used in cement manufacture and iron ore reduction |
Calcium carbonate |
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|
Second most abundant element |
Iron |
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Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
|
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Most abundant metal |
Al |
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Most commonly used form of iron |
Steel |
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An alloy of iron and a little carbon |
Steel |
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What are Alloy steels? |
Steels + other metals |
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Makes steel less brittle |
Tempering |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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|
Ground water |
Hard water |
|
|
What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
|
|
What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
|
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What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
|
|
Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
|
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Used in cement manufacture and iron ore reduction |
Calcium carbonate |
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|
Second most abundant element |
Iron |
|
|
Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
|
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Most abundant metal |
Al |
|
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Most commonly used form of iron |
Steel |
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An alloy of iron and a little carbon |
Steel |
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What are Alloy steels? |
Steels + other metals |
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Makes steel less brittle |
Tempering |
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Used to harden the surface of the steel |
Case hardening |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
|
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
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|
Ground water |
Hard water |
|
|
What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
|
|
What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
|
|
What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
|
|
Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
|
|
Used in cement manufacture and iron ore reduction |
Calcium carbonate |
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|
Second most abundant element |
Iron |
|
|
Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
|
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Most abundant metal |
Al |
|
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Most commonly used form of iron |
Steel |
|
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An alloy of iron and a little carbon |
Steel |
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What are Alloy steels? |
Steels + other metals |
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Makes steel less brittle |
Tempering |
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Used to harden the surface of the steel |
Case hardening |
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Second after silver in being the best electrical and heat conductor |
Copper |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
|
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
|
|
Ground water |
Hard water |
|
|
What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
|
|
What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
|
|
What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
|
|
Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
|
|
Used in cement manufacture and iron ore reduction |
Calcium carbonate |
|
|
Second most abundant element |
Iron |
|
|
Metallurgy process |
Concentration Reducing Refining Shaping |
|
|
Most abundant metal |
Al |
|
|
Most commonly used form of iron |
Steel |
|
|
An alloy of iron and a little carbon |
Steel |
|
|
What are Alloy steels? |
Steels + other metals |
|
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Makes steel less brittle |
Tempering |
|
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Used to harden the surface of the steel |
Case hardening |
|
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Second after silver in being the best electrical and heat conductor |
Copper |
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A Mercury alloy |
Amalgam |
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Most commonly used in their compounds |
Alkali metals |
|
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Found naturally as free elements but occur only as 2+ ions in compounds |
Alkaline earth metals |
|
|
Ground water |
Hard water |
|
|
What is hard water hard |
Presence of calcium and also Mg and FeIII |
|
|
What makes temporary hard water |
Bicarbonates |
|
|
What makes up permanent hard water |
Sulfates |
|
|
Alkaline earth metal compounds |
Calcium ion Calcium oxide Calcium carbonate |
|
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Used in cement manufacture and iron ore reduction |
Calcium carbonate |
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Second most abundant element |
Iron |
|
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Compounds containing metals and silicon-oxygen groups |
Silicates |
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Electrical conductivity intermediate between conductors and insulators |
Semiconducting properties |
|
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Electrical conductivity intermediate between conductors and insulators |
Semiconducting properties |
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3D networks or polymers of silicates in which all 4 oxygen atoms are shared between tetrahedrons |
Silica |
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Electrical conductivity intermediate between conductors and insulators |
Semiconducting properties |
|
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3D networks or polymers of silicates in which all 4 oxygen atoms are shared between tetrahedrons |
Silica |
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One of the most controversial kinds of silicates |
Abestos |
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Electrical conductivity intermediate between conductors and insulators |
Semiconducting properties |
|
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3D networks or polymers of silicates in which all 4 oxygen atoms are shared between tetrahedrons |
Silica |
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One of the most controversial kinds of silicates |
Abestos |
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A natural poly silicate formed by heat and pressure within the earths crust |
Abestos |
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Electrical conductivity intermediate between conductors and insulators |
Semiconducting properties |
|
|
3D networks or polymers of silicates in which all 4 oxygen atoms are shared between tetrahedrons |
Silica |
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One of the most controversial kinds of silicates |
Abestos |
|
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A natural poly silicate formed by heat and pressure within the earths crust |
Abestos |
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One of the most common boron compounds |
Borax |
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Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
|
|
What is found in phoroxite |
Iodine |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
|
|
What is found in phoroxite |
Iodine |
|
|
What color is neon in its excited state? |
Pink |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
|
|
What is found in phoroxite |
Iodine |
|
|
What color is neon in its excited state? |
Pink |
|
|
What happens in reducing |
Adding electrons |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
|
|
What is found in phoroxite |
Iodine |
|
|
What color is neon in its excited state? |
Pink |
|
|
What happens in reducing |
Adding electrons |
|
|
State differences between silicone, silica, and silicate |
Silicon = element Silica= sand Silicate = SiO4 + other metal |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
What is found in limestone caverns |
Calcium |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
|
|
What is found in phoroxite |
Iodine |
|
|
What color is neon in its excited state? |
Pink |
|
|
What happens in reducing |
Adding electrons |
|
|
State differences between silicone, silica, and silicate |
Silicon = element Silica= sand Silicate = SiO4 + other metal |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
What is found in limestone caverns |
Calcium |
|
|
Cheapest to harvest from the earths crust |
Iron |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
|
|
What is found in phoroxite |
Iodine |
|
|
What color is neon in its excited state? |
Pink |
|
|
What happens in reducing |
Adding electrons |
|
|
State differences between silicone, silica, and silicate |
Silicon = element Silica= sand Silicate = SiO4 + other metal |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
What is found in limestone caverns |
Calcium |
|
|
Cheapest to harvest from the earths crust |
Iron |
|
|
What is slags #1 putpose |
Make cement |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
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What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
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Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
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|
What is found in phoroxite |
Iodine |
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What color is neon in its excited state? |
Pink |
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|
What happens in reducing |
Adding electrons |
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State differences between silicone, silica, and silicate |
Silicon = element Silica= sand Silicate = SiO4 + other metal |
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Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
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What is found in limestone caverns |
Calcium |
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Cheapest to harvest from the earths crust |
Iron |
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What is slags #1 putpose |
Make cement |
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Most common ore of Al |
Boxite |
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|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
|
|
What is found in phoroxite |
Iodine |
|
|
What color is neon in its excited state? |
Pink |
|
|
What happens in reducing |
Adding electrons |
|
|
State differences between silicone, silica, and silicate |
Silicon = element Silica= sand Silicate = SiO4 + other metal |
|
|
Specialty of zone layer |
Protect us from uv radiation from sun |
|
|
What is found in limestone caverns |
Calcium |
|
|
Cheapest to harvest from the earths crust |
Iron |
|
|
What is slags #1 putpose |
Make cement |
|
|
Most common ore of Al |
Boxite |
|
|
What causes lung cancer |
Abestos |
|
|
Makes fertilizers |
N K P |
|
|
What allotrope of P is less stable |
White P |
|
|
What is found in carbonated drinks |
P |
|
|
Why is sulfuric acid unique |
It's dehydrating capabilities |
|
|
A solid to a gas |
Sublimation |
|
|
What is found in phoroxite |
Iodine |
|
|
What color is neon in its excited state? |
Pink |
|
|
What happens in reducing |
Adding electrons |
|
|
State differences between silicone, silica, and silicate |
Silicon = element Silica= sand Silicate = SiO4 + other metal |
|
|
Metals in earths crust |
Al Fe Ca |
