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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Incas
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who: they were a tribe in the Cuzco area; first Sapa Inca
when: 13th century significance: Patchacuti= founded Inca Empire; became largest empire in pre-Columbian America |
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Mayas
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who: Mesoamerican civilization
when: during the pre-Columbian civilizaton significance: developed written language; art, architecture, and mathematical & astronomical sys |
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Aztecs
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who: ethnic groups of central Mexico spoke Nahuatl language
when: 14th, 15th, 16th centuries significance: dominated large pats of Mesoamerica |
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Chaco Canyon
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what: canyon created by the Anasazi
when: started being built in early AD 900s; still partly standing today significance: people were able to connect with other towns over far-reaching network of roads |
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Woodland Indians
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who: created part of their wealth from processes that dont depend on territory
when:19th century significance: depend in a way on immobile societies |
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Agriculture (Natives)
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what: agriculture done by the first people living in america
when: around 2000 B.C. significance: they were hunters & gatherers but werent people that were able to plant |
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Mobile societies (Native Americans)
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who: created part of their wealth from processes that do not depend on the territory
when: 19th century significance: depended in a way on mobile societies |
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Leif Erikson
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who: Norse explorer
when: c. 970- c. 1020 significance: was regarded as the first European to land in North America |
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John Smith
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who: English soldier, explorer, and author
when: between September 1608 and August 1609 significance: leader of the Virginia Colony; and led exploration along rivers of Virginia and Chesapeake Bay |
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Jamestown
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what: town funded in Virginia by English settlers
when: funded in 1607 significance: had inhospitable conditions, isolated from hunting game , did not have good source of water |
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Joint Stock Company
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what: business entity, type of corporation/ partnership
when: the earliest joint stock company was in 1250 significance: two types:private & public companies |
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John Winthrop
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who: he was the governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
when: 17th century significance: he led a group of English Puritans to the New World in 1630 |
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King Philips War
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what: it was a war between Native Americans and English colonists
when: 1675-1676 significance: one of the bloodiest and costliest wars |
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The headright system
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what: a legal grant of land to settlers given by Virgina Company of London
when:17th century significance: it helped with the expansion of the thirteen colonies |
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Bacon's Rebellion
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what: rebellion in the Virginia Colony; was a protest against Native Americans
when:1676 significance: first rebellion in the American colonies in which unhappy frontiersmen participated in |
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Quakers
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who: were an independent religious organizations
when: mid-17t century significance: traces the origins to a Christian movment |
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mercantilism
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what: an economic theory hat was thought to be a form of economic nationalism
when: started in the 15th century significance: |
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Prince Henry the Navigator
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who: Portuguese prince
when: late 14th- mid 15th century significance: responsible for the begginning of European explorations and maritime trade |
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Christopher Columbus
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who: he was an Italian navigator, colonizer, and explorer
when:15th century significance: initiated process of Spanish colonization; started the overall European colonization in the "New World" |
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Ferdinand Magellan
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who: Portuguese explorer who later obtained Spanish nationality
when: 15th century significance: wanted a westward route to "spice islands"; first expedition to sail from Atlantic into Pacific |
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The Conquistadors
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who: Spanish soldiers, epxlorers, and adventurers
when: 15th - 19th century significance: brought much of the Americas under Spanish control |
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Cortes
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who: Spanish conquistdor
when: late 15th century- 16th century significance:led expedition that led to the fall of the Aztec Empire |
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Francisco Pizarro
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who: Spanish conquistador
when: 15th -16th century significance: conquered the Incan Empire & founded Lima |
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Aztec ordinance of discovery
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what:law issued by King Philip II
when:17th cent significance: kept track of all political and eco life in newly discovered places |
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Catholic Missionaries (natives)
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who: religious group
when: 17th century significance: meant to carry on ministries of evangelism and literacy; or ministries of edu., social justice, health care, & eco devlop. |
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St. Agustine1565
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what: Canary Islands were reached
when: 16th century significance:arrived to new lands, encountered new people, and new ways of life |
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Ecomiendas
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what: labor sys employed by Spanish
when:18th century significance: it was based on the familiar Reconquista institution |
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Pueblo Revolt
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what:it was an uprisng of pueblos against spanish colonization of the americas
h\when: 1680 significance: spanish lost and fled to El Paso del Norte; indians were able to obtain things from them ei: horses |
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Meztizo
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who: people of European and Amerindian ancestry
when:originated in 1582 significance: meztizo children were seen as bastards; they were associated with illegitimacy |
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John Cabot
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who:Italian navigator & explorer
when: 1497 significance: discovered North America (first European voyage to the continent since Norse Explration of the Americas |
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Richard Hakluyt
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who: English writer
when: c. 1552-1616 significance: put a lot of effort in promoting & supporting settlement of North America |
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Doctrine of Predestination
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what: doctrine of Calvinism
when: 16th century significance: questions the control of God |
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The English Reformation
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what: series of events by which the Church of England broke away from Roman Catholic Church
when: 16th century significance: phases were greatly driven by changes in government polocy |
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John Calvin
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who: influential French theoligian & pastor during Protestant Reformation
when: 16th century significance: principle figure in the development if the system of Christian theology |
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Puritans
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who: English-speaking Protestants; Puritanism founded by Marian exils
when:the 16th and 17th centuries significance: |
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Elizabeth I
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who: queen regnant of England & queen regnant of Ireland
when: 16th century significance: her time was known as Elizabethan era; English drama flourished |
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Coureurs De Bois
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who: people who engaged in fur trade
when: 17th century significance: they traded fur without French permission |
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New Amsterdam
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what: Dutch colonial settlement; served capital of New Netherland
when: 17th century significance: it was explored and chartered by the Dutch East India Company |
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West India Company
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what: chartered company of Ducth merchants
when:1621 significance: it was granted a charter for a trade monopoly in the w\West Indies |
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Sir Walter Raleigh
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who: English aristocrat, writer, soldier, courtier, spy & explorer
when: 17th century significance: made tabacco popular; which helped the economy |
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Roanoke
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what: colony that was an enterprise financed by Sir Walter Raleigh
when: 16th century significance: everyone disappeared on this island, no one knows what happened |
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James I
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who: he was King of Scots
when: 16th century significance: kept going the flourishing of English drama and literature |
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Lord De Lawar
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who: Englishman
when: 16th century significance: a bay and a river were named after him |
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Tobacco
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what: popular product
when:mid 1990s significance: increasingly popular with the arrival of the Europeans; helped with the growth of the economy |
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Virginia Company
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what: pair of chartered English joint stock companies
when:17th century significance: two companies= London Company & Plymouth Company |
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Powhatans
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who:Virginia Indian Tribe
It is also the name of a powerful group of tribes which they when:16th century significance:Had problems with English settlers |
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Maryland and the Calverts
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who:Sir George Calvert
when:from 1632 to 1776 significance:granted the Palatinate of Maryland by King Charles I of England as recognition of Calvert’s service as a Secretary of State and member of the Privy Council, wson took over |
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Propietary Rule
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what:charter to everything between latitudes 36 and 31
when:17th century significance:unpopular in SouthCarolina |
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Toleration Act
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what:mandated tolerance for trinitarian Christians
when:passed in 1649 significance:it was the first legal limitations on hate speech in the world |
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Mayflower Compact
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what:first governing document of Plymouth Colony
when: 1620 significance:maintained control among pilgrims |
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William Bradford
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who:English leader of the settlers of the Plymouth Colony in -Massachusetts
when:16th century- 17th century significance: credited as the first to proclaim what popular American culture now views as the first Thanksgiving. |
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Colonial Currency
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what:ew coins were minted in the thirteen colonies that became the United States in 1776
when: 18th century significance:regulated colonial paper money |
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Theocratic Society
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what:form of gov
when:18th cent significance:divine power governs an earthly human state, either in a personal incarnation or, more often, via religious institutional representatives |
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Roger Williams
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who:American Protestant theologian
when:17th cent significance:began the colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, which provided a refuge for religious minorities |
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Anne Hutchinson
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who:a pioneer settler in Massachusetts, Rhode Island
when:18th cent significance:A major controversy ensued and after a trial before a jury of officials and clergy, she was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. |
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Pequot War
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what:armed war between an alliance of Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth colonies with Native American allies against the Pequot tribe
when:1634-1638 significance:result was the elimination of the Pequot as a viable polity in what is present-day Southern New England |
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The Narragansetts
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who:Algonquian Native American tribe from Rhode Island
when:18th cent significance:controls the Narragansett Indian Reservation, 1,800 acres |
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English Civil War
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what:series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists
when:1642–1651 significance:ended with the Parliamentary victory |
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Middle Colonies
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what:area of the Thirteen British Colonies in pre-Revolutionary War Northern America
when:17th cent significance:Breadbasket Colonies for the region's production of wheat, grain, and oats |
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Charter of Liberties
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what:written proclamation by Henry I of England
when:17th cent significance:addressed abuses of royal power by his predecessor |
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Black Codes
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what:Laws passed on the state and local level in the United States, but mostly in the south, to limit the basic human rights and civil liberties of African Americans.
when:18th-19th cent significance:enacted immediately after the American Civil War, though varying from state to state, were all intended to secure a steady supply of cheap labor and all continued to assume the inferiority of the freed slaves. |
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Holy Experiment
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what:an attempt by the Quakers to establish a community for themselves in Pennsylvania.
when: 17th cent significance: hoped it would show to the world how well they could function on their own without any persecution or dissension |
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California 1760's
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what: California coast was explored by the Spanish and English
when:18th cent significance:led to CA bcoast being colonized |
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James Oglethorpe
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who:British general and philanthropist
when:18th cent significance: hoped to resettle Britain's poor, especially those in debtors' prison, in the New World. |
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The Navigation Acts
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what:series of laws which restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England
when:17th cent significance:formed the basis for British overseas trade for nearly 200 years. |
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Sir Edmond Andros
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who:an early colonial English governor in North America
when:18th cent significance: head of the short-lived Dominion of New England. |
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The Glorious Revolution
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what:the overthrow of King James II of England
when:17th cent significance:led to the collapse of the Dominion of New England and the overthrow of Maryland's government. |
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William Bradford
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who:English leader of the settlers of the Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts.
when:17th cent significance:Credited as the first to proclaim what popular American culture now views as the first Thanksgiving. |
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Cambridge Agreement
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what:deal over whether the Massachusetts Bay Colony would be under local control, in New England, or under the control of a corporate board in London.
when:17th cent significance:guaranteed that Massachusetts would be a self-governing colony, answerable only to the King. |
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Church of England (Anglian)
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what:oficially established Christian church in England.
when:18th cent significance:The faith of Anglicans is founded in the scriptures, the traditions of the apostolic church. |
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Covenant Theology
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what:Also known as Covenantalism or Federal theology or Federalism.
when:thousands of yrs ago significance:a conceptual overview and interpretive framework for understanding the overall flow of the Bible |
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Halfway Covenant
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what:a form of partial church membership created by New England
when:17th cent significance:First-generation settlers were beginning to die out, while their children and grandchildren often expressed less religious piety, and more desire for material wealth. |
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Thomas Hooker
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who:prominent Puritan religious and colonial leader
when:17th cent significance:founded the Colony of Connecticut |
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Saybrook Platform
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what:adopted conservative religious proposals
when:18th cent significance:attempted to stem the tide of disunity among the established Congregational churches and restore discipline among both the clergy and their congregations. |
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Cavaliers (1642-1647)
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who:Royalist supporter of King Charles I
when:17th cent significance:Prince Rupert= often considered an archetypical Cavalier |
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Indentured servants
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who: typically laborer; worked for employer for a fixed period of time; received necessities in return
when: around the 18th and 19th century significance: plenty of immigrants arrived in Colonial America as indentured servants; mostly young men & women under age of 21 |
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The Calverts
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who: family of six; Lords of Baltimore
when: 14th century significance: George Carlvert: was given the name of 1st Baron Baltimore |
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William Penn
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who:English real estate entrepenuer; founder of the Province of Pennsylvania
when: 17th centuy significance: urged for a Union of all English Colonies |
