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202 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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terra, terrae
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earth, land
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porta, portae
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gate
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Maria, Mariae
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Mary
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nauta, nautae
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sailor
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victoria, victoriae
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victory
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silva, silvae
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forest
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gloria, gloriae
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fame, glory
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orat
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he/she/it prays
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orant
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they pray
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videt
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he/she/it sees
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terra, terrae
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earth, land
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porta, portae
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gate
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Maria, Mariae
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Mary
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nauta, nautae
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sailor
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victoria, victoriae
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victory
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silva, silvae
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forest
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gloria, gloriae
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fame, glory
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orat
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he/she/it prays
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orant
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they pray
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videt
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he/she/it sees
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vident
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they see
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non (ADVERB)
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not
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laudat
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he/she/it praises
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laudant
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they praise
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provincia, ae
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province
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servus, servi
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slave, servant
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filius, filii
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son
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Deus, Dei
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God
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amicus, amici
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friend
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Christus, Christi
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Christ
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Christianus, Christiani
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Christian
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et (CONJUNCTION)
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and
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bellum, belli
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war
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caelum, caeli
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sky, heaven
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regnum, regni
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kingdom, royal power
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praemium, praemii
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reward
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periculum, periculi
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danger
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imperium, imperii
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command, power, empire
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dedit
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he, she, it gave
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dederunt
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they gave
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gladius, i
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sword
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sed (CONJUNCTION)
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but
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oppidum, i
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town
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Gallia, ae
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Gaul
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Gallus, i
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a Gaul
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Romanus, i
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a Roman
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Roma, ae
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Rome
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propter (PREP. W. ACC.)
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on account of
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cum (PREP. W. ABL.)
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with
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post (PREP. W. ACC.)
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after, behind
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in (PREP. W. ABL.)
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in, on
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quod (CONJ.)
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because
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itaque (CONJ.)
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therefore, and so
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incolunt
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they inhabit
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videtis
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you (plural) see
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vicerunt
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they conquered
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lex, legis
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law
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rex, regis
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king
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dux, ducis
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leader
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lux, lucis
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light
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homo, hominis
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man
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imperator, imperatoris
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commander in chief, general
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veritas, veritatis
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truth
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Caesar, Caesaris
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Caesar
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salus, salutis
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safety, welfare, salvation
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vox, vocis
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voice, cry
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audivit
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he/she/it heard
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virtus, virtutis
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courage, virtue
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miles, militis
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soldier
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pax, pacis
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peace
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via, ae
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road, way
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populus, i
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people, nation
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muniverunt
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they fortified, they constructed (w. viam or vias)
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pars, partis
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part
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collis, collis (masc.)
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hill
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hostis, hostis
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enemy (in war)
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gens, gentis
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tribe
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caedes, caedis
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slaughter
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frater, fratris (fratrum)
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brother
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pater, patris (patrum)
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father
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mater, matris (matrum)
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mother
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mons, montis (masc.)
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mountain
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clamor, clamoris
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shouting, shout
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princeps, principis
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chief, leading man
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occiderunt
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they killed
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flumen, fluminis
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river
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iter, itineris (neut.)
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journey, march, route
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corpus, corporis (neut.)
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body
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vulnus, vulneris (neut.)
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wound
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agmen, agminis
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column (of soldiers), army (on the march)
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nomen, nominis
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name
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mundus, i
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world
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erat
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he, she, it was
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erant
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they were
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est
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he, she, it is
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sunt
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they are
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adventus, us
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arrival, coming
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equitatus, us
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cavalry
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exercitus, us
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army
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impetus, us
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attack
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metus, us
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fear
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spiritus, us
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breath, spirit
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portus, us
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harbor
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senatus, us
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senate
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in, prep. w. acc.
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in, into, against, upon, on
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nunc, adverb
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now
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autem, conj. postpositive
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however
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fecerunt
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they made
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venit
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he, she, it came
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venerunt
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they came
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res, rei
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thing, affair
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fides, fidei
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faith, reliability, faithfulness
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acies, aciei
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battle line
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spes, spei
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hope
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posuerunt
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they put, they placed, they pitched (w/ castra)
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castra, castrorum
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camp
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impedimenta, impedimentorum
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baggage, baggage train
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gratia, ae
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favor, influence, grace (in Christian Latin)
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gratiae, gratiarum
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thanks
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copia, ae
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supply, abundance
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copiae, copiarum (fem.)
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troops, forces (a military term)
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agunt
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they give (w/ gratias)
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magnus, a, um
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great, large
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altus, a, um
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high, deep
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bonus, a, um
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good
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longus, a, um
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long
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malus, a, um
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bad
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multus, a, um
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much (pl. many)
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sanctus, a, um
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holy, saint
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primus, a, um
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first
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angustus, a, um
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narrow
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reliquus, a, um
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remaining, the rest of
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tutus, a, um
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safe
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Romanus, a, um
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Roman
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Christianus, a, um
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Christian
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pro, prep. w. abl
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in front of (before), on behalf of (for)
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inopia, ae
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scarcity, want
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dominus, i
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master, lord
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murus, i
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wall
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frumentum, i
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grain (pl. crops)
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legio, legionis (fem.)
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legion
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gravis, e
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heavy, severe, serious
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brevis, e
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short
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communis, e
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common
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difficilis, e
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difficult
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facilis, e
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easy
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fortis, e
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brave, strong
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nobilis, e
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noble, renowned
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omnis, e
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all, every
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cupidus, a, um (w. gen)
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eager, desirous
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plenus, a, um (w. gen or dat)
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full
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finitimus, a, um (w. dat)
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neighboring, next
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similis, e (w. gen or dat)
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like, similar
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Jesus, u
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Jesus
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et...et
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both...and
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quid
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what?
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prima luce
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at dawn
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urbs, urbis
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city
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pons, pontis (masc)
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bridge
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signum, i
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standard, signal, sign
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eques, equitis
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horseman (pl. CAVALRY)
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Genitive singular of first declension nouns
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-ae
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Gender of 1st declension nouns
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1st decl. nouns are feminine unless they name a male person, such as nauta
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Subject case
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nominative
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Subject/verb agreement
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The verb agrees with its subject in person and in noun
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Direct object case
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accusative
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Position of verb
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Verb usually stands last in a sentence
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Position of adverb
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Adverb usually stands immediately before the word it modifies
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Case for possessives and "of" phases
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genitive
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Genitive singular of 2nd decl. nouns
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-i
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Gender of 2nd decl. nouns
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-us=masculine
-um=neuter |
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Unique characteristic of all neuter nouns and adjectives
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nominative and accusative are same, both in singular and plural
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Indirect object case, or the "to/for" case
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dative
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Two ways to indicate indirect objects in English
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(1)"to" and (2) word order
(1)Christ gave glory "to" God (2)Christ gave God glory |
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Prepositions take either of what two cases
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ablative, accusative
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Give the case for each preposition: propter, post, cum, in
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acc, acc, abl, abl
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Predicate nominative case
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Nominative
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Position of forms of sum
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Anywhere in the sentence
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Genitive singular of 3rd decl. nouns
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-is
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Natural gender rule
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applies to ALL declensions
A noun naming a male person is masculine (dux) A noun naming a female person is feminine (mater) |
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Feminine endings rule for 3rd decl. only
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SOX
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Masculine endings rule for 3rd decl. only
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ERROR
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Neuter endings rule for 3rd decl. only
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LANCET
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Appositive
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A noun or a phrase that is "put beside" another noun to rename or explain it and set off by commas
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Agreement rule for appositives
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An appositive agrees with its noun in number and case
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There is
There are |
Est
Sunt |
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Give the nominative and genitive of the 6 neuter nouns of the 3rd declension
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flumen, fluminis; iter, itineris; corpus, corporis; vulnus, vulneris; agmen, agminis; nomen, nominis
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Genitive singular ending of 4th decl. nouns
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-us
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Gender of 4th decl. nouns
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Usually masculine
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The preposition "in" with the acc. and abl.
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"In" with the acc. indicates motion; while "in" with ablative indicates position
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Genitive singular ending of 5th decl. nouns
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-ei
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Gender of 5th decl. nouns
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usually feminine
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The two groups of adjectives
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(1) 1st/2nd declension
(2) 3rd declension |
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Adjective/noun agreement
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An adjective agrees with its noun in gender, number and case but not necessarily declension
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Position rule for adjectives
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Adjectives of quality usually follow their noun, adjectives of quantity usually precede
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Predicate adjective case
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nominative
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1st declension endings
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-a -ae
-ae -arum -ae -is -am -as -a -is |
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2nd declension endings
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-us/-um -i/-a
-i -orum -o -is -um -os/-a -o -is |
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declension of lex
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lex leges
legis legium legi legibus legem leges lege legibus |
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declension of gravis, e
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masc/fem
gravis graves gravis gravium grave gravibus gravem graves gravi gravibus neut. grave gravia gravis gravium gravi gravibus grave gravia gravi gravibus |
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declension of res
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res res
rei rerum rei rebus rem res re rebus |
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fourth declension endings
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us us
us uum ui ibus um us u ibus |
