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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T/F The Concrete Operational stage marks a major turning point in cognitive development |
True |
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The concrete operational stage extends from about A) 6-10 B) 7-11 C)8-12 D) 9-12 |
B) 7-11
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"Thought is much more logical, flexible and organized than it was in earlier ages" comes from A) Social development theory B) Self understanding C) Concrete Operational theory D) Self concept |
C) Concrete Operational theory |
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the ability to pass ________ tasks provides clear evidence of operations A) decentration B) reversibility C) Operations D) Conservation |
D) Conservation |
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Mental actions that obey logical rules are a) cognitive maps B) operations C) decentration D) reversibility |
B) operations |
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Children at the Conservation stage of the concrete operational stage are capable of
a) cognitive maps B) operations C) decentration D) reversibility |
C) decentration |
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The ability to focus on several aspects of a problem at once and relate them to another is an example of
a) cognitive maps B) operations C) decentration D) reversibility |
C) decentration |
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When little Billy recognizes taht when 1 of 2 identical glasses of water is poured into a shorter wider container, that the amounts are still the same because even though it is now shorter, the width of the container makes up for the loss in height, it is an example of
a) cognitive maps B) operations C) decentration D) reversibility |
C) decentration |
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the ability to go through a series of steps in a problem and then mentally reverse them and return to the starting point is...
a) cognitive maps B) operations C) decentration D) reversibility E) concrete operational theory |
D) reversibility |
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True/False When kids understand that there are more "flowers" than "yellow flowers" because both blue and yellow flowers fall under the same category is an example of classification from the concrete operational thought |
True |
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The ability to order items along a quantitative dimension, such as length, weight, or height is
a) cognitive maps B) operations C) decentration D) reversibility E) Seriation |
E) Seriation |
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How did Piaget test for Seriation ?
a) He asked them to pick numbers out of a hat b) he asked them to describe the difference between picutres C) he asked them to arrange sticks of different lengths from shortest to longest d) he asked them to line up sticks with different colors |
C) he asked them to arrange sticks of different lengths from shortest to longest |
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In Seriation, concrete operational children are also capable of
A)cognitive maps B) seriation C) transitive inferences D) Decentrations |
C) transitive inferences |
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the ability to seriate mentaly, is an example of
A)cognitive maps B) seriation C) transitive inferences D) Decentrations |
C) transitive inferences |
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T/F Transitive inference requires children to integrate multiple relations at once |
True
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True/False School-age children's understanding of space is much more accurate than that of preschoolers |
True |
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________ are mental representations of familiar large-scale spaces, such as their neighborhood A)cognitive maps
B) seriation C) transitive inferences D) Decentrations |
A)cognitive maps |
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at what age do children's maps become better organized, showing landmarks along and organized rout of travel?
A) 6-10 B) 7-11 C)8-10 D) 9-12
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C)8-10 |
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_____strategy, is imagining another person's movements along a route
a) cognitive maps B) operations C) mental D) reversibility E) Seriation |
C) mental |
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What are some limitations of Concrete operational thought?
A) Children at this stage can think in an organized logical fashion, only when dealing with concrete information they can perceive directly B)Their mental operations work poorly with abstract ideas that aren't apparent to the real world C) both A & B |
C) both A & B |
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How do school-age children master Piagets concrete operational tasks?
A) step by step (gradual sequences) B) practice C) repeating information D) experience |
A) step by step (gradual sequences) |
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How do children master the step by step concrete operational tasks?
A) they work out the logic of each problem separately instead of incorporating them B) rather than learning a general "conservation " principle they figure out the logic of each problem individually C) Both A& B |
C) Both A& B |
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T/F Children usually grasp conservation of number first, followed by conservation of length, liquid and mass and then weight
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True
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Broadly applicable principles that result in increasingly complex, systematic reasoning ..
B) central conceptual structures C) Specificity D) Systematic structures |
B) central conceptual structures |
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"Thinking about thought" is an example of
A) Information processing theory B) central conceptual structures C) Specificity D) Systematic structures |
A) Information processing theory |
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T/F attention and memory undeline every act of cognition and are central concerns in middle childhood |
T |
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T/F Gains in inhibition are when you have the ability to control internal and external distractions " ignoring irrelevant s*it"
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T |
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T/F The "biggest deal" in information processing perspective is that ... The time needed to process information on a wide variety of cognitive task declines rapidly between ages 6-12 |
T |
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When does attention become more selective, adaptable, and planful?
A) early childhood B) middle childhood C) teenage years D) infancy |
B) middle childhood |
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between ages _________ children become better at deliberately attending to just those aspects of a situation that are relevant to their goals A) 6-10 B) 7-11 C)8-12 D) 9-12 |
A) 6-10 |
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When a researcher is introducing irrelevant stimuli in to a task to see how well children attend to its central elements is an example of
B) Focussing C) Attention D) Elaboration |
C) Attention |
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T/F Learning and behavior plroblems are not attributed to ADHD |
False |
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the process of repeating information to oneself is known as A) Rehearsal B) Organization C) Elaboration |
A) Rehearsal |
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creating a relationship between 2 or more items that are not members of the same category is an example of
A) Rehearsal B) Organization C) Elaboration |
C) Elaboration |
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grouping together related items is an example of
A) Rehearsal B) Organization C) Elaboration |
B) Organization |
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when children combine items into more meaningful pieces, this allows them to retain more information and further expand working memory is an example of
A) Rehearsal B) Organization C) Elaboration |
D) Chunking |
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When you're "tricking working memory" it is known as
A) Rehearsal B) Organization C) Elaboration |
D) Chunking
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what is the most effective memory strategy ?
A) Rehearsal B) Organization C) Elaboration |
C) Elaboration |
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what is the least effective memory strategy?
A) Rehearsal B) Organization C) Elaboration |
A) Rehearsal |
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A set of ideas about mental activities, that becomes more elaborate and refined during middle childhood is known as
A) Rehearsal B) Organization C) Elaboration E) Cognitive self regulation F) Theory of mind (metacognition) |
F) Theory of mind (metacognition) |
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the process of continuously monitoring progress towards a goal, checking outcomes and redirecting unsuccessful efforts is also known as
A) Rehearsal B) Organization C) Elaboration E) Cognitive self regulation F) Theory of mind (metacognition)
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E) Cognitive self regulation |
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Are middle childhood children good at cognitive self regulation ? A) YES B) NO |
B) NO |
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______ is confidence in ones own abilities
A) cognitive self regulation B) academic self efficacy C) personal acheivement D) Pride |
B) academic self efficacy |
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T/F
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True
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T/F By adolescence self regulation is a strong predictor of academic success |
True |
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Can parents and teachers help a child to develop self regulation ? A)YES B)NO |
yes |
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Proponents of a ___________ argued that reading should be taught in a way that parallels children's natural language learning A) phonics approach B) whole-language approach C) repetition D) practice |
B) whole-language approach |
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In this reading approach, children were first coached on the basic rules for translating written symbols into sounds A) phonics approach B) whole-language approach C) repetition D) practice |
A) phonics approach |
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What do researchers agree is the best way to teach reading to children? A) phonics approach B) whole-language approach C) repetition D) practice E) none, still in research F) A and B |
A and B |
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This test permits large numbers of pupils to be tested at once and are useful for instructional planning A) group administered tests B) individually administered tests |
A) group administered tests |
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This type of test is used for more extensive evaluation of children A) group administered tests B) individually administered tests |
B) individually administered tests |
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T/F the Stanford - Binet and the Wechsler are used to identify highly intelligent children and to diagnose children with learning problems |
True |
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This test is administered for individuals from 2-adulthood and it assesses the general intelligence and 5 intellectual factors
A)the Stanford - Binet B)the Wechsler |
A) the Stanford - Binet |
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this test is designed for the 5 intellectual factors: knowledge, quantitative reasoning, visual spatial processing, working memory, and basic information processing
A)the Stanford - Binet B)the Wechsler |
A)the Stanford - Binet |
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This was the first test to be standardized on children representing the total pop of the US, including ethnic minorities
A)the Stanford - Binet B)the Wechsler |
B)the Wechsler |
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this test widely used 6-16 year olds and measured general intelligence and 4 broad factors
A)the Stanford - Binet B)the Wechsler |
B)the Wechsler |
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T/F The 4 broad factors of The Wechsler Intelligence scale are: verbal reasoning, preceptual reasoning , working memory, and processing speed |
T |
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This score Yields 10 separate scores in all and each factor is made up of 2 or 3 subtests
A)the Stanford - Binet B)the Wechsler |
B)the Wechsler
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This is the most "culture fair " intelligence test available
A)the Stanford - Binet B)the Wechsler |
B)the Wechsler |
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This expands the componential approach into a comprehensive theory that regards intelligence as a product of both inner and outer forces
A)the Stanford - Binet B)the Wechsler C) Triarchic theory of successful intelligence |
C) Triarchic theory of successful intelligence |
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Analytical intelligence , creative intelligence and practical intelligence are 3 factors incorporated in
A)the Stanford - Binet B)the Wechsler C) Triarchic theory of successful intelligence |
C) Triarchic theory of successful intelligence |
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AFrican american children IQ score on average is __________ points below white american children
A) 10-12 B) 5-8 C) 12-13 D) 9-10 |
C) 12-13 |
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Who falls midway between black and white children on IQ tests A) Hispanic B) Asian C) Middle eastern D) European |
A) Hispanic |
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what is the gap between middle SES and low SES
A) 10 points B) 9 points C) 8 points D) 7 points |
B) 9 points |
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T.F When black and white children are matched on parental education and income , the IQ gap is reduced by 1/3-1/2 |
True
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researchers estimate that about 1/2 of the differences in IQ among children is due to _____ A) genetic makeup B) parental household C) education quality D) motivation to learn |
A) genetic makeup |
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T/F
Experts disagree over whether intelligence tests are biased |
T |
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T/F Experts believe that ethnic groups may not have equal opportunity to be exposed to information on the tests, and also the testing situation may impair performance |
T |
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T/F Some experts do no believe that the tests are bias, claiming that because IQ predicts academic achievement equally well for majority and minority children, IQ tests are fair to all groups |
T |
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the research study on low SES black homes found that parents rarely asked their children knowledge training questions typpical of middle SES white parents and of tests and classrooms
Instead they asked "real" questions that they themselves could not even asnwer " What's that look like to you?'' "Did ya hear Miss Sally this morning? what did she tell you?" |
... |
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Why do "real" questions not work well?
A) they aren't informative B) kids don't pay attention C) they have no RIGHT answer D) they call for elaborate responses E) C&D |
E) C&D |
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T/F Toys such as blocks and video games increase childrens success on spatial tasks |
T |
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low SES minority children grow up in more ___________ rather than "object-oriented" homes and may lack toys that promote certain intellectual skills
A) "People ORIENTED " B) "SPACE Oriented" C) Trained Oriented
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A) "People ORIENTED " |
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Stereotype threat |
the fear of being judged ont he basis of a negative stereotype is called a
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T/F African american children/ hispanic children Children who were aware of ethnic stereotypes performed better on the tests |
F |
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T Many low SES minority students start not to care about school by junior high |
T |
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a innovative testing approach which is consistent with Vygotsky's zone of proxymal development where the adult introduces purposeful teaching into the testing situation the see what the child can attain with social support is know as
A) dynamic assessment B) Perspective assessment C) Learned assessment |
A) dynamic assessment |
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which class sizes are most beneficial ? A) bigger B) smaller C) doesn't correlate |
B) smaller |
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T/F In smaller class sizes teachers spend less time disciplining and more time teaching |
T |
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In the Tennessee kindergartners study, which clas size performed better ?
B) regular C) regular with a teacher plus a full time teachers aide
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A) small....... students (especially minorities) scored higher in reading and math
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T/F The teachers aides placed in regular size classes helped boost scores |
F |
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T/F In the educational self fulfilling prophecy, children start to live up to their teachers positive or negative views of them |
T |
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the effect of education self fulfilling prophecy is ______ when teachers emphasize competition, and publicly compare children
A)Stronger B) weaker |
A) stronger |
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A teacher should be critical because high achievers can fall back on their history of success |
False..... low achieving students sensitivity to self fulfilling prophecies can be beneficial when the teachers believe in them also |
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T/F Teachers that favor the Well behaved and high achieving students help with the development of ALL students |
False..... teachers need to treat all students the same! |
