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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Four key ideas |
-elements combine to form compounds in exact proportions -the formulas of ionic compounds can be determined from their names -the names of compounds can be determined from their formulas -chemical families = groups of elements w/similar physical & chemical properties |
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Chemical Formula |
Shows ratios and proportions of compounds |
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Polyatomic ion |
Compounds that have gained or lost an electron collectively |
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Law of definite proportions |
Any Specific compound always contains the same elements in definite proportions |
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Monovalent |
Element w/ Only 1 possible ion charge |
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Multivalent |
Element that can have multiple different ion charges |
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Chemical family |
Group of elements w/ similar properties & form compounds w/similar properties |
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Alkali metal |
-1 column -ion charge +1 -soft, low density metal -react w/air & water -silvery grey -v good conductor -0.53 g/cm3 - 1.88 g/cm3 -low melting point -solid & room temp
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Alkaline earth metal |
-2 column -ion charge +2 -hard low density metals -react w/ air & water -silvery white -good conductor -1.55 g/cm3 - 5.00 g/cm3 -solid @ room temp -higher melting point than alkali |
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Halogen |
-2 last column -ion charge -1 -react w/most other elements -range of bright colours as gasses -low boiling point -0.0017 g/cm3 - 4.93 g/cm3 -v toxic |
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Noble gas |
-Last column -don't form ions (ion charge 0) -non reactive -colourless -v low boiling point -0.00018 g/cm3 - 0.00973 g/cm3 |
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Hydrogen |
-Family of one -colourless -extremely low boiling point -v reactive -ion charge +1 or -1 -0.000090 g/cm3 |
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Writing Formulas Form Compounds |
Write symbols of elements with subscripts to the right to show more than one of that ion ( use LCM and charges to find ratios). Metal first then non metal
*polyatomic ions with subscripts have that subscript to one of the atoms within it- if u have more than one of that polyatomic ion in a compound, put brackets then ur subscript. Put brackets even w/o an already existing subscript if there are more than one of the polyatomic ion |
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Multivalent Metals |
Some metal ions (transition metals) can have different ion charges. Written in formula w/charge in Roman numerals. To figure out by formula- back track from second ions charge & how many. |
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Naming Ionic compounds |
The first ion in a compound, u write the regular name, the second add ide suffix. For polyatomic ions, both keep their name |
