Ch. 7 Soc

Front 1

social stratification

Back 1

the division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative property power and prestige

Front 2

slavery

Back 2

form of social stratification in which some people own other people

Front 3

bonded labor (indentured service)

Back 3

contractual system in which someone sells his or her body for a period of time voluntarily

Front 4

ideology

Back 4

beliefs about the way things ought to be that justify social arrangements

Front 5

caste system

Back 5

form of social stratification in which peoples statues are lifelong conditions determined by birth

Front 6

endogamy

Back 6

the practice of marrying within one's own group

Front 7

apartheid

Back 7

the separation of racial-ethnic groups as was practiced in south Africa

Front 8

estate stratification system

Back 8

the stratification system of medieval Europe, consisting of three groups or estates: the nobility, clergy, and commoners

Front 9

class system

Back 9

form of social stratification based primarily on the possession of money or material possessions

Front 10

social mobility

Back 10

movement up or down the social class ladder

Front 11

means of production

Back 11

the tools, factories, land, and investment capital used to produce wealth

Front 12

bourgeoisie

Back 12

Marx's term for capitalists, those who own the means of production

Front 13

class consciousness

Back 13

Marx's term for awareness of a common identity based on one's position in the means of production

Front 14

false class consciousness

Back 14

marx's term to refer to workers identifying with the interests of capitalists

Front 15

meritocracy

Back 15

form of social stratification in which all positions are awarded on the basis of merit

Front 16

divine right of kings

Back 16

the idea that the kings authority comes from God; in an interesting gender bender, also applies to queens

Front 17

colonialism

Back 17

process by which one nation takes over another nation usually for the purpose of exploiting its labor and natural resources

Front 18

world system theory

Back 18

how economic and political connections developed and now tie the worlds countries together

Front 19

globalization of capitalism

Back 19

capitalism becoming the globes dominant economic system

Front 20

culture of poverty

Back 20

the assumption that values and behaviors of the poor make them fundamentally different from other people, that these factors are largely responsible for their poverty and that are parents perpetuate poverty across generation by passing these characteristics to their children

Front 21

neocolonialism

Back 21

the economic and political dominance of the most industrialized nations over the least industrialized nations

Front 22

multinational corporations

Back 22

companies that operate across national boundaries; also called transnational corporations