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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Cognition?
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Refers to mental activities involved in acquiring, retaining, and using knowledge.
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Explain Thinking.
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The manipulation of mental information in order to make conclusions. Mostly mental images and concepts.
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Explain Mental Images.
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Mental representation of objects or events that are not physically present.
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Explain Concepts.
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Mental categories of objects based on properties they share.
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What are the 3 ways of forming concepts?
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1-Formal
2-Natural 3-Prototype |
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Explain Formal Concepts.
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Features that define a concept. Like a formal name
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Explain Natural Concepts.
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Results of everyday experiences. Like the names we usually call something. What we would teach a child.
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Explain Prototypes.
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Narrowed down specifically. Like what type.
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Define Problem Solving.
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Thinking and behavior directed toward a goal that is not readily available.
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What are the six problem sovling ways.
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1-Trial and Error
2-Algorithms 3-Insight 4-Inutition 5-Functional Fixedness 6-Mental Set |
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Explain Trial and Error.
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Attempting different solutuons and eliminating the ones that do not work. Good for some things but not all.
ex. trying on dresses to find the right one |
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Explain Algorithms.
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Step by step processes that usually produce the correct solution.
ex. math |
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Explain the Heuristic Method.
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General rule of thumb which reduces the number of possible solutions.
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Explain Insight.
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-AHA
-Sudden realization of how a problem can be solved. |
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Explain Intuition.
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Come to a conclusion without conscious awareness of the process involved.
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Explain Functional Fixedness.
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Tendency to view objects as functioning only in their usual way.
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Explain Mental Set.
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Tendency to presist in solving problems with soultions that have worked in the past.
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Explain the Single Feature Model.
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Making a decision based on a single feature.
Appropriate when the descion is a minor one. |
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Explain the Additive Model.
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Make a list of factors that are important to you and add up the rating for each alernative.
Appropriate for complex descions and identifying. |
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Explain Elimination by apescts model.
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Evaluate all the alernatives one at a time and eliminate all that don't meet.
Appropriate when the desicon is complex and you need to narrow down a range of choices. |
