Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is a cell?
|
The smallest unit of matter that can carry out all of the processes of life.
|
|
|
Define the cell theory.
|
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basice units of structure and funtion in an organism. 3. New cells ONLY come from preexisting cells by receiving the genetic material from the parent cell. |
|
|
What structures do cells have in common?
|
1. genetic material
2. cytoplasm 3. plasma membrane |
|
|
Name the prokaryote cells.
|
cell membrane
ribosome simple; no specialized inrernal structures no nucleus Example: bacterial cells |
|
|
Name the Eukaryote cells
|
cell membrane
ribosome specialized-internal structures; organells nucleus Example: cells of all organisms |
|
|
What is cytoskeleton?
|
Network of fibers for support, establishing cell shape, providing mechanical strength, locomotion, intracellular transport of organells.
|
|
|
What is cell membrane?
|
The boundary of the cell; seperates the fluid inside the cell from the fluid outside the cell.
|
|
|
What is fluid mosaic model?
|
Not rigid, flexible. Made of many different types of molecules.
|
|
|
What is phospholipid bilayer?
|
Non-polar fatty acid chains; sandwiched between polar phosphate molecules.
|
|
|
What are membrane proteins?
|
protein molecules embedded in the phospholipids bilayer.
|
|
|
What are carbohydrate ID tags?
|
Identifies the cell as "self"; otherwise cell would be destroyed by immune system.
|
|
|
What is selectively permeable?
|
Regulates what substances move in and out of the cell.
|
|
|
What is support?
|
Strong fibers attachto anchor proteins.
|
|
|
Whatt is protection?
|
Maintains the integrity of the cell.....without it the cell would die.
|
|
|
What is passive transport?
|
Requires no cellular energy (ATP), relies on the physical law of Brownian motion.
|
|
|
What are the types of passive transport?
|
Diffusion
Facilitated diffsuion Osmosis active transport bulk transport |
|
|
What is diffusion?
|
Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
|
|
|
What is facilitated diffusion?
|
Large of polar molecules that dont dissolve in lipids use channel proteins to get in/out. Still moving from high concentration to low concetnratoin.
|
|
|
What is Osmosis?
|
Movement of water across a membrane from an area of high water concentration (Low particle concentration) to an aea of low water concentration high particle concentration)
|
|
|
What is hypnotic fluid?
|
fluid surrounding the cell has a lower ceoncentration of particles thanth e fluid inside the cell.
|
|
|
Whatis isotonic fluid?
|
fluid surrounding the cell has the same concentration of particles as the fluid inside the cell.
|
|
|
What is hypertonic fluid?
|
fluid surrounding the cell has a higher concentration of particles than the fluid inside the cell.
|
|
|
What is active transport?
|
particles moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
|
|
|
What is bulk transport?
|
movement of large molecules/large quantities in and out of the cell.
|
|
|
What is endocytsois?
|
cell egnulfs materials and takes them in.
|
|
|
What is exocytosis?
|
cell releases materials.
|
|
|
What is homeostasis?
|
relatveliy constant internal physical and chemical conditions.
|
|
|
Name the 5 characteristics of single celled organisms?
|
grow
maintain homestasis respond to the environment transform energy reproduce |
|
|
What are the 2 types of unicellular oraganisms?
|
Eukaryotes
prokaryotes |
|
|
What is algae?
|
have chloroplasts, found in water
|
|
|
What is yeast?
|
used in baking bread and other foods.
|
|
|
What is bacteria?
|
highly adaptive and can live almost aynwhere
|
|
|
WHat are the levels of organization?
|
cells make
tissues, which make... organs,which make... organ systems, which makes... Organisms |
|
|
What is cellular communication?
|
cells are secpiailzed but interdependent
cells must communicate effectively some cells form a cellular junction |
|
|
What is a receptor?
|
specific protein that has specific shape that molds to a specific molecular messenger
|
