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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the capacity to manage one's emotional state so they don't get in the way of a productive life
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emotional regulation
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a personality style that involves action on one's immediate impulses and behaving disruptively and aggressively
-trouble with emotional regulation |
externalizing tendencies
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a personality style that involves intense fear, social inhibition, and often depression
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internalizing tendencies
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the way children reflect on who they are as people: the ability to observe our abilities and actions from an outside frame of reference and to reflect on our inner state
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self-awareness
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evaluating one-self as either "good" or "bad" as a result of comparing the self to other people
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self-esteem
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Erikson's term for the psychosocial task of middle childhood, involving the capacity to work for one's goals
-begin to understand that we have to work for what we want |
industry vs. inferiority
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a state that develops when a person feels incompable of affecting the outcome of events, and so gives up without trying
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learned helplessness
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sharing, helping and caring actions
-intact by preschool |
prosocial behavior
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prosocial behaviors that we carry out for selfless, non-egocentric reasons-don't expect a reward
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altruism
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feeling the exact emotion that another person is experiencing
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empathy
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a state necessary for acting prosocially, involving feeling upset for a person who needs help
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sympathy
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the ideal discipline style for socializing prosocial behavior, involving getting a child who has behaved hurtfully to emphasize with the pain he has caused the other person
-scaffold altruism |
induction
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a feeling of being personally humiliated
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shame
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feeling upset about having caused harm to a person or about having violated one's internal standard of behavior
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guilt
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any hostile or destructive act designed to cause harm
-peaks at 2.5 |
aggression
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hurtful behavior that is actively initiated to achieve a goal
-more calculated |
instrumental aggression
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aggression that occurs in response to being hurt, threatened, or deprived
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reactive aggression
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a hostile or destructive act designed to cause harm to a person's relationship
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relational aggression
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the tendency of highly aggressive children to see motives and actions as threatening when they are actually benign
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hostile attribution bias
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play that involves shoving, wrestling, and hitting, but in which no actual harm is intended, especially characteristic of boys
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rough-and tumble play
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play that involves making up and acting out a scenario; also called pretend play
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fantasy play
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begins around 3: fantasy play in which children work together to develop and act out scenes
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collaborative play
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play in which boys and girls associate only with member of their own sex-typical of childhood
-firmly etched by early elementary |
gender-segregated play
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an explanation for gender-stereotyped behavior that emphasizes the role of cognition; specifically, the idea that once children know their own gender, they selectively watch and model their sex
-children have identity of B or G by 2.5 5-6 master identity consistency |
gender schema theory
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