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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lingua Franca |
A language used among speakers of different languages for the purpose of trade and commerce |
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Monolingual states |
Countries in which only one language is spoken |
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Multilingual states |
Countries in which more than one language is spoken |
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Mutual intelligibility |
The ability of to people to understand each other when speaking |
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Nostratic |
The language believed to be ancestral language not only of Porto-Indo-European, but also of the Kartvelian languages of the southern Caucasus region, the Uralic-Atlaic languages (including Hungarian, Finnish, Turkish, and Mongolian), the Dravidian languages of India, and the Afro-Asiatic language family |
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Official language |
In multilingual countries the language selected, often by the educated and politically powerful elite, to promote internal cohesion; usually the language of the courts and government |
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Pidgin languages |
When parts of two or more languages are combined in a simplified structure and vocabulary |
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Place |
Uniqueness of a location |
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Porto-Indo-European |
Linguistic hypothesis proposing the existence of an ancestral Indo-European language that is the hearth of the ancient Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit languages which hearth would link modern languages from Scandinavia to North Africa and from North America through parts of Asia to Australia |
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Romance languages |
Languages (French, Spanish, Italian, Romanian, and Portuguese) that lie in the areas that were once controlled by the Roman Empire but were not subsequently overwhelmed |
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Slavic languages |
Languages (Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Ukrainian, Slovenian, Serbo-Croatian, and Bulgarian) tat developed as Slavic people migrated from a base in present-day Ukraine close to 2000 years ago |
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Sound shift |
Slight change in a word across languages within a subfamily or through a language family from the present backward toward it's origin |
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Standard language |
The variant of a language that a county's political and intellectual elite seek to promote as the norm for use in schools, government, the media, and other aspects of public life |
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Subfamilies |
Divisions within a language family where the commonalities are more definite and the origin is more recent |
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Toponym |
Place name |
