Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
gastric carcinoma
|
stomach malignant tumor
risk factors: H. pylori dx via: gastric endoscopy/ biopsy |
|
|
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
|
solid/fluids return to mouth from stomach
- heartburn --> GERD related to reflux esophagitis tx: antacids & meds that increase LES tone |
|
|
heartburn
|
burning sensation caused by regurgitating HCl from stomach to esophagus --> GERD
|
|
|
reflux esophagitis
|
caused by chronic HCl & pepsin exposure to esophagus mucosa
|
|
|
pepsin
|
gastric enzyme that digests proteins
|
|
|
hernia
|
protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it
|
|
|
hiatal hernia
|
upper stomach part protrudes upward through diaphram (can cause GERD)
|
|
|
inguinal hernia
|
small bowel loop goes through a weak lower ab muscle
tx: herniorrhaphy - suture of hernia |
|
|
peptic ulcer
|
open sore or lesion of mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum (1st section of small intestines)
causes: H. pylori |
|
|
anal fistula
|
abnormal tube-like passageway near anus
- usually due to break/fissue in wall of anus or rectum or an abscess (infected area) |
|
|
colonic polyposis
|
polyps - benign growths protrude from mucous membrane of colon
2 types: 1) pedunculated (attached to membrane by a stalk) 2) sessile (sitting direcly on mucosa) -usually removed - polypectomy for biopsy/ growth prevention |
|
|
colorectal cancer
|
adenocarcinoma ( cancer of an epithelium that originates in glandular tissue) of colon/rectum or both
causes: can be from polyps dx: via blood in feces (melena) or colonscopy |
|
|
melena
|
blood in stool
|
|
|
crohn's disease
|
chronic inflammation of intestinal tract (terminal ileum & colon)
type of IBD |
|
|
IBD
|
inflammatory bowel disease
ex: crohn's, ulcerative collitis |
|
|
diverticulosis
|
abnormal side pockets/outpouchings in intestinal wall
|
|
|
diverticula
|
pouch-like herniations through the muscular wall of colon
|
|
|
diverticulitis
|
occurs when poo is trapped in diverticula (pouch like herniations through colon muscular wall)
|
|
|
dysentery
|
painful, inflammed intestines
usually in colon, from eating contaminated food/water sx - melena, abdominal pain |
|
|
hemorrhoids
|
swollen, twisted, varicose veins in rectal area
can be internal (inside rectum) or external (outside sphincter) causes: prego, chronic constipation |
|
|
ileus
|
intestinal obstruction due to no peristalsis
ex: bowel mechanical obstruction (tumor, stones) surgery, trauma, bacterial injury can cause paralytic ileus |
|
|
paralytic ileus
|
acute, transient loos of peristalsis
can be caused by surgery, trauma, bacterial injury |
|
|
intussusception
|
telescoping of intestines
one segment of bowel collapses into opening of another segment* |
|
|
IBS (irritable bowel syndrome)
|
group of GI sx associated with stress/tension
sx: diarrhea, constipation, bloating, lower ab pain |
|
|
ulcerative collitis
|
chronic inflammation of the colon with ulcers
(type of IBD) usually idiopathic, chronic, recurrent diarrhea with bleeding & pain in rectum higher risk of colon cancer |
|
|
volvulus
|
intestinal twisting*
causes obstruction of intestines |
|
|
cholelithiasis
|
gallbladder gallstones
calculi (stones) block bile from leaving gallbladder & bile ducts may experience biliary colic (pain) |
|
|
biliary colic
|
pain from blocked cystic or common bile duct)
|
|
|
cirrhosis
|
chronic liver degenerative disease
lobes of liver become covered with fibrous tissue, liver cells degenerate, & fat builds up in liver cirrh/o - yellow orange = color of liver due to fat build up |
|
|
pancreatitis
|
pancreas inflammation
|
|
|
viral hepatitis
|
viral caused liver inflammation
causes: HAV, HBV, HCV |
|
|
hepatitis A
|
benign d/o spread via food/water with slow onset sx
|
|
|
Hep B
|
blood, sex, contaminated needle spread
|
|
|
hep C
|
blood ransfusions, need, sex spread
|
|
|
laparoscopic cholecystectomy
|
surgery to remove gallbladder & stones
|
