Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
3 functions of the Lower limb are |
Locomotion Supports body weight Maintain balance |
|
|
What are the three parts of the hip bone |
Ilium Pubis Ischium |
|
|
On the lateral aspect view, where is the ilium, pubis, and ischium located? |
Ilium at top, Pubis lower right, Ischium lower left |
|
|
What is the Acetabulum |
Socket of femur |
|
|
What does the ACL prevent |
Prevents the tibia from sliding forward |
|
|
PCL prevents what |
Prevents tibia from sliding back |
|
|
What is the meniscus |
Cushion in joint space of knee, helps shock absorption. |
|
|
Greater trochanters of femur will always be found where? |
Lateral (on the outside) |
|
|
What is the distal end of the femur going to articulate with? |
Tibia and patella |
|
|
What does “articulate” mean. |
It has movements with other bones. |
|
|
What is found anterior of the thigh? |
Quads |
|
|
What is found posterior of the thigh |
Hamstrings |
|
|
What does “Halluc” mean |
Big toe |
|
|
What are the three calf muscles |
Gastrocnemius aka gastroc Soleus Plantaris |
|
|
The “calcaneal tendon” is also known as what |
Achilles tendon |
|
|
What does “Ischemia” mean |
Lack of blood flow |
|
|
How many main muscles are in the foot |
20 main muscles |
|
|
What are the two main muscles of the foot |
Extensor digitorum brevis (little toes) Extensor hallucid brevis (big toe) |
|
|
What is referred to as the shin bone |
Tibia |
|
|
What is the roundest point of the tibia |
Medial malleolus |
|
|
Does the fibula play a role in weight bearing |
No, it serves no purpose at the knee joint |
|
|
The lateral malleolus is located in what bone |
Fibula |
|
|
What is the most distal end of the tibia |
Medial malleolus |
|
|
Where is the most frequent open fracture |
Tibia shaft |
|
|
What is another word for compound fracture |
Open fracture |
|
|
Where are fibular fractures usually located |
The ankle |
|
|
Describe a fibular fracture |
Proximal to Lateral malleolus Dislocation of ankle joint |
|
|
What is a comminuted fracture |
Many broken fractures and pieces |
|
|
What is the nerve supply to the anterior thigh compartment |
Femoral nerve |
|
|
What does Sartor in Latin mean |
Tailor |
|
|
What is the nerve supply in the medial thigh compartment |
Obturator Nerve |
|
|
What does Brevis mean |
Short |
|
|
How many phalanges are in each foot |
14 |
|
|
What does the weight bearing if the lower leg |
Tibia |
|
|
In the leg region dorsiflex means |
Up |
|
|
In the leg region plantaflex means |
Down |
|
|
What does the extensor digitorum longus do |
Extends toes |
|
|
What is fibula teritas |
Fibula attachments |
|
|
Are calf muscles superficial or deep |
Superficial |
|
|
What is the prime mover for plantarflexion |
Gastroc |
|
|
What gets the action of plantarflexion started |
Soleus |
|
|
3 parts of the Popliteal fossa |
Tibia nerve Popliteal artery Popliteal vein |
|
|
Is the popliteal fossa deep or superficial muscles? |
Deep |
|
Find and name the 3 cuneiforms of this pic. |
Back (Definition) |
|
Find and name the 3 cuneiforms in this pic |
Back (Definition) |
|
|
What are the 7 bones in the foot? |
Calcaneus (heel bone) Talus (ankle bone) Cuboid Navicular Lateral cuneiform Medial cuneiform Intermediate cuneiform |
|
|
What artery is a branch of the external illia? |
Femoral artery |
|
|
What artery is a branch of the external illia? |
Femoral artery |
|
|
What tuberosity is located on the medial aspect on the femur? |
Lesser trocanter |
|
|
What tuberosity is located in the lateral aspect on the femur? |
Greater trocanter |
|
|
What are the 4 muscles that make up the quads? |
Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis |
|
|
What muscle in the quads is good for injections |
Vastus lateralis |
|
|
Pulling a calf muscle is aka |
Tennis leg |
|
|
What is a “charley horse” a result of |
Ischemia Direct trauma Muscle fatigue |
|
|
What is the posterior nerve of the thigh? |
Sciatic nerve |
|
|
What does the patella articulate with? |
The patellar surface of the femur. |
|
|
How many phalanges do each toe have |
Big toe has 2 Other four toes have 3 |
|
|
What are the anterior thigh muscles? |
Pectineus Iliopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps femoris |
|
|
What are the medial thigh muscles? |
Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Gracilis Obturator externus |
|
|
What nerve is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus? |
Femoral nerve |
|
|
What is the chief artery to the lower limb? |
Femoral artery |
|
|
What are the posterior thigh muscles? |
3 of 4 muscles in this aspect of the thigh are hamstrings: semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris Last one is short head of biceps femoris |
|
|
What is the largest nerve in the body |
Sciatic nerve |
|
|
What is the popliteal fossa |
Fat filled, diamond-shaped space posterior to the knee joint |
|
|
What do all important vessels and nerves from the thigh to the leg pass through? |
The popliteal fossa |
|
|
What is the deepest structure in the popliteal fossa |
Popliteal artery |
|
|
What is the anterior compartment of the leg also called? |
Dorsiflexor compartment |
|
|
What are the four muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg |
Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis tertius |
|
|
What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg |
Fibularis longus Fibularis brevis |
|
|
What is the lateral compartment of the leg also called |
Evertor compartment |
|
|
What is the popliteus |
Thin, triangular muscle in floor of the popliteal fossa |
|
|
What are the 6 regions of the lower limb |
Gluteal Femoral Knee Leg Ankle Foot |
|
|
What are the ligaments of the knee |
Collateral Ligaments ACL PCL |
|
|
What is a calcaneal fracture |
Fracture in foot Falling on heel Comminuted fracture |
|
|
What are the three compartments of the thigh |
Anterior, medial, posterior compartment |
|
|
The lateral leg compartment contains what 2 muscles |
Fibularis longus Fibularis brevis |
|
|
What is a gracilis transplant |
Can replace damaged muscles of forearm or external anal sphincter |
|
|
What is the nerve in the lateral compartment of the leg |
Superficial fibular nerve |
|
|
What is the posterior compartment of the leg also called |
Plantarflexor compartment |
|
|
What is the largest compartment of the leg |
Posterior compartment (aka plantarflexor compartment) |
|
|
What compartment of the leg are the calf muscles located in |
Posterior compartment (aka plantarflexor compartment) |
|
|
What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the leg |
Tibial nerve |
|
|
What tendon do the gastroc and soleus share? |
Calcaneal tendon (aka achilles tendon) |
|
|
What is the most superficial muscle in the posterior compartment |
Gastrocnemius |
|
|
What muscle is absent in 5-10% of people |
Plantaris |
|
|
What muscles make up the deep group in the posterior compartment |
Popliteus Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis posterior |
|
|
What vein can be used for vascular graphs |
Greater sapheanous veins |
