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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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deformation
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• Deformation::: bending, tilting , breaking of earths crust (in response to stress)
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stress
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• Stress::: the force that causes pressure in earth's rocks
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strain
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• Strain:::: the change (folding, twisting, breaking) of rocks DUE TO STRESS (result)
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Lithospheric plate
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interactions:
- Divergent boundaries - pulling apart - Convergent boundaries - coming together - Transform boundaries - sliding past |
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anticline
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upcurved fold in rock layers in which the oldest layer is the center of
the fold |
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compression
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stress that squeezes crustal rocks together (84)
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deformation
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bending, tilting, and breaking of the Earth’s crust (83)
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dome mountain
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landform created when molten rock pushes up rock layers on
the Earth’s surface and the layers then are worn away in places, leaving separate high peaks (93) |
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fault
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break in rock along which rocks on either side of the break move (86)
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fault plane
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surface of a fault along which movement of rocks occurs (86)
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fault-block mountain
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mountain formed where faulting breaks the Earth’s
crust into large blocks that become tilted, causing some blocks to drop down relative to other blocks (92) |
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folded mountain
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landform created when tectonic movements bend and uplift
rock layers (90) |
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folding
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permanent deformation or bending of a rock under stress (85)
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footwall
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in a nonvertical fault, the rock below the fault plane (86)
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fracture
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break in rock along which there is no movement (86)
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graben
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long, narrow valley formed by faulting and downward slippage of a
crustal block (92) |
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hanging wall
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in a nonvertical fault, the rock above the fault plane (86)
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isostasy
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balancing of the forces pressing up and down on the Earth’s crust (83)
isostatic adjustment |
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monocline
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a fold in rock layers in which both limbs remain horizontal (85)
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mountain belt
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group of large mountain systems (88)
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mountain range
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roup of adjacent mountains with the same general shape and
structure (88) |
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mountain system
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group of adjacent mountain ranges (88)
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normal fault
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fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the
footwall (86) |
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plateau
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large area of flat-topped rocks high above sea level (91)
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reverse fault
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fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the
footwall (86) |
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shearing
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stress that pushes rocks in opposite horizontal directions (84)
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stress
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the amount of force per unit area that is placed on a given material (84)
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strike-slip fault
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fault in which the rock on either side of a fault plane slides
horizontally (87) |
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syncline
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downcurved fold in rock layers in which the youngest layer is in the
center (85) |
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tension
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stress that pulls rocks apart (84)
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thrust fault
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type of reverse fault in which the fault plane is nearly horizontal
rather than vertical (86) |
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volcanic mountain
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mountain formed when molten rock erupts onto the
Earth’s surface (92) |
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shearing
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stress that pushes rocks in opposite horizontal directions
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stress
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the amount of force per unit area that is placed on a given material
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strike-slip fault
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fault in which the rock on either side of a fault plane slides
horizontally |
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syncline
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downcurved fold in rock layers in which the youngest layer is in the
center |
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tension
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stress that pulls rocks apart
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thrust fault
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type of reverse fault in which the fault plane is nearly horizontal
rather than vertical |
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volcanic mountain
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mountain formed when molten rock erupts onto the
Earth’s surface |
