Ch 38 Ap Bio

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alternation of generations

Back 1

Process where an organism changes between a gametophyte and sporophyte stage during their complete life cycle

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sporophyte

Back 2

The spore-producing phase in the life cycle of a plant that exhibits alternation of generations

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gametophyte

Back 3

The gamete-producing phase in a plant characterized by alternation of generations

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monoecious

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Having unisexual reproductive organs or flowers, with the organs or flowers of both sexes borne on a single plant, as in corn and pines

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dioecious

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Having the male and female reproductive organs borne on separate individuals of the same species

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microspore

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smaller of the two types of spore produced in heterosporous plants; develops in the pollen sac into a male gametophyte

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megaspore

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larger of the two types of spore produced in heterosporous plants; develops in ovule into a female gametophyte

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scutellum

Back 8

Any of several shield-shaped structures, such as the cotyledon of a grass

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coleorhiza

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A protective sheath enclosing the embryonic root of grasses

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coleoptile

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A protective sheath enclosing the shoot tip and embryonic leaves of grasses (monocots)

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fruit

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The ripened ovary or ovaries of a seed-bearing plant, together with accessory parts, containing the seeds and occurring in a wide variety of forms

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stock

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A plant or stem onto which a graft is made

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scion

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A detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant, used in grafting

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monoculture

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The cultivation of a single crop on a farm or in a region or country

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sepal

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One of the separate, usually green parts forming the calyx of a flower.

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petal

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One of the often brightly colored parts of a flower immediately surrounding the reproductive organs

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stamen

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The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower, usually consisting of a filament and an anther

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Ovule

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A minute structure in seed plants, containing the embryo sac and surrounded by the nucellus, that develops into a seed after fertilization.

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complete flower

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Flower that contains both male and female reproductive parts

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incomplete flower

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Flower than contains only one type of reproductive organ

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perfect flower

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Flower that contains both male and female reproductive parts

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imperfect flower

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Flower than contains only one type of reproductive organ

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embryo sac

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The female gametophyte of a seed plant, within which the embryo develops.

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pollination

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To transfer pollen from an anther to the stigma of (a flower)

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self-incompatible

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condition where a plants cannot pollinate itself

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endosperm

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The nutritive tissue within seeds of flowering plants, surrounding and absorbed by the embryo

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double fertilization

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The union in flowering plants of two sperm nuclei. One sperm nucleus unites with the egg to form the diploid zygote, from which the embryo develops, and the other unites with two polar nuclei to form the triploid, primary endosperm nucleus.

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seed coat

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The outer protective covering of a seed.

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hypocotyl

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The part of the axis of a plant embryo or seedling plant that is below the cotyledons

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radicle

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The part of a plant embryo that develops into a root.

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epicotyl

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The stem of a seedling or embryo located between the cotyledons and the first true leaves

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pericarp

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The wall of a ripened ovary; fruit wall

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simple fruit

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A fruit, such as a pea pod, orange, or tomato, that develops from a single pistil.

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aggregate fruit

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A fruit, such as the raspberry, consisting of many individual small fruits derived from separate ovaries within a single flower, borne together on a common receptacle

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multiple fruit

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A fruit, such as a fig, mulberry, or pineapple, derived from several flowers that are combined into a single structure

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imbibition

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Absorption of fluid by a solid or colloid that results in swelling

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vegetative reproduction

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asexual method of reproduction in plants by expanding using roots or stems generally

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fragmentation

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The act or process of breaking into fragments for asexual reproductive purposes

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apomixis

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Reproduction without meiosis or formation of gametes

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callus

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Undifferentiated tissue that develops on or around an injured or cut plant surface or in tissue culture

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development

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the process of growth and differentiation by which the potentialities of a zygote, spore, or embryo are realized

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morphogenesis

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Formation of the structure of an organism or part; differentiation and growth of tissues and organs during development

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cellular differentiation

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Process in which cells develop into specific types of tissues

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pattern formation

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the ordering of cells into 3d structures, part of developmental process

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positional information

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signals to which genes controling pattern formation respond, indicating the cell's location