Ch. 3 - Cell Division

Front 1

the cell cycle consists of what 4 repeating phases?

Back 1

m-phase, g1-phase, s-phase, and g2-phase

Front 2

what dose m-phase stand for?

Back 2

mitosis

Front 3

what dose s-phase stand for?

Back 3

synthesis

Front 4

what dose g-phase stand for?

Back 4

gap

Front 5

what takes place during
s-phase?

Back 5

DNA molecules are replicated

Front 6

what takes place in g2-phase?

Back 6

the cell gets ready for mitosis

Front 7

what is g1, s, and g2-phase collectively known as?

Back 7

interphase

Front 8

what happens to cells that do not cycle?

Back 8

they have a shorter life

Front 9

when a cell reaches a certain size how many new cells does it divide into?

Back 9

2

Front 10

after cell division are the new cells similar, identical, or completely different from each other?

Back 10

identical

Front 11

after cell division are the new cells similar, identical, or completely different from the parent cell?

Back 11

similar

Front 12

what are new cells known as?

Back 12

daughter cells

Front 13

what type of cell doesn't have a organized nucleus?

Back 13

prokaryote cell

Front 14

the nuclear material of a prokaryote cell is in the form of a single, circular chromosome attached to the mesosome on what part of the cell?

Back 14

the cell membrane

Front 15

when does the chromosome of the prokaryote cell replicate, forming a chromosome exactly like itself

Back 15

before cell division

Front 16

what 2 seperate events take place in the eukaryotic cell when it divides?

Back 16

cytokinesis & karyokinesis

Front 17

The events in the nucleus through which the chromosomes are distrubuted to the daughter cells (a.k.a. the nucleus divides)is called __________.

Back 17

karyokinesis

Front 18

the division of the cytoplasma and its organelles that follows karyokinesis is call ___________

Back 18

cytokinesis

Front 19

what does the speicies number or chromosome number of a spiecies number refer to?

Back 19

charateristic number of chromosomes in the nuclei of its cells

Front 20

the visible part of cytokinesis begins in the late ________ stage, with the formation of the ________ ______ which cuts across the equator of the cell through the spindle

Back 20

anaphase & cleavage furrow

Front 21

what are somatic cells?

Back 21

body cells

Front 22

the characteristic number of chromosomes for a species is called the _______ (__) number. this number of chromosomes is found in somatic cells

Back 22

diploid number & (2N)

Front 23

half of the characteristic number of chromosomes for a species is called the _______ (_) number. this number of chromosomes is found in the gametes (sex cells)

Back 23

haploid & (N)

Front 24

the process that divides the chromosomes equally between 2 daughter cells is known as _______

Back 24

mitosis

Front 25

the stage before the onset of mitosis is the __________ stage

Back 25

interphase

Front 26

during the _________ stage, the daughter cells accumulate more cytoplasm and grow to the size of the original parent cell. the cells in this stage carry out all typical cell functions, except division

Back 26

interphase

Front 27

durning the _________ stage, DNA molecules in the nucleus replicate, so by the end of this stage, the cell has enough nuclear material for 2 cells

Back 27

interphase

Front 28

the four stages of mitosis

Back 28

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Front 29

mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in some algae and funfi. when this happens, cells with many nuclei, but without seperating membranes or walls, result. these cells are described as being ________

Back 29

coenocytic

Front 30

the type of nuclear division that occurs in the primary sex cells and reduces the number of chromosomes to one half in the newly formed gametes (egg or sperm cells) is _______

Back 30

meiosis

Front 31

the primary sex cells (the oocytes and sperm cells) have the _______ chromosome number

Back 31

diploid

Front 32

upon ____________ ( the fusing of the sperm and egg nuclei) the species chromosome number(or diploid number) is reached.

Back 32

fertilization

Front 33

meiosis includes 2 cell divisions, _______ _ and _______ _ , that occur one after the other

Back 33

meiosis 1 & meiosis 2

Front 34

what are the 5 stages of meiosis 1?

Back 34

prophase 1, metaphase 1, aniphase 1, telephase 1

Front 35

what are the 4 stages of meiosis 2?

Back 35

prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, telephase 2

Front 36

meiosis results in 4 _______ cells

Back 36

haploid