Ch. 24

Front 1

Joseph Stalin

Back 1

Leader of the Soviet Union from the mid 1920s till 1954. Holding the post of the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, he was effectively the director of state.

Front 2

totalitarian

Back 2

characteristic of a political system in which the government exercises complete control over its citizen's lives

Front 3

Benito Mussolini

Back 3

an Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party, ruling the country as the Prime Minister from 1922-1943.

Front 4

fascism

Back 4

a political philosophy that advocates a strong, centralized, nationalistic government headed by a powerful dictator

Front 5

Adolf Hitler

Back 5

Austrian-born German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933-1945.

Front 6

Nazism

Back 6

the policitcal philosophy- based on extreme nationalism, racism, and militaristic expansionism- that Adolf Hitler put into practice in Germany from 1933 to 1945

Front 7

Francisco Franco

Back 7

a Spanish general and the Caudillo of Spain from 1939-1975.

Front 8

Neutrality Acts

Back 8

a series of laws enacted in 1935 to 1936 to prevent U.S. arms sales and loans to nations at war

Front 9

Neville Chamberlain

Back 9

a British Conservative politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for three years.

Front 10

Winston Churchill

Back 10

a British statesman who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after Neville Chamberlain

Front 11

appeasement

Back 11

the granting of consessions to a hostile power in order to keep the peace

Front 12

nonaggression pact

Back 12

an agreement in which two nations promise not to go to war with each other

Front 13

blitzkrieg

Back 13

from the German word meaning "lighting war," a sudden massive attack with combined air and ground forces, intended to achieve a quick victory

Front 14

Charles de Gaulle

Back 14

a French general, resistant, writer, and statesman. He was the leader of Free France and the head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic.

Front 15

Holocaust

Back 15

the systematic murder- or genocide- of Jews and other groups in Europe by the Nazis before and during WWII

Front 16

Kristallnacht

Back 16

"night of broken glass" a name given to the night of November 9, 1938, when gangs of Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, buisnesses, and snagogues in Germany

Front 17

genocide

Back 17

the deliberate and systematic extermination of a particular racial, national, or religious group.

Front 18

ghetto

Back 18

the city neighborhood in which a certain minority group is pressured or forced to live.

Front 19

concentration camp

Back 19

a prison camp operated by Nazi Germany in which Jews and other groups considered to be enemies of Adolf Hitler were starved while doing slave labor or were murdered.

Front 20

Axis powers

Back 20

the group of nations- including Germany, Italy, and Japan- that opposed the Allies in WWII

Front 21

Lend-Lease Act

Back 21

a law, passed in 1941, that allowed the United States to ship arms and other supplies, without immediate payment, to nations fighting the Axis powers

Front 22

Atlantic Charter

Back 22

a 1941 declaration of principles in which the United States and Great Britian set forth their goals in opposing the Axis powers

Front 23

Allies

Back 23

in WWI, the group of nations- originally consisting of Great Britain, France, and Russia and later joined by the United States, Italy, and others- that opposed the Central Powers

Front 24

Hideki Tojo

Back 24

a general of the Imperial Army, the leader of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association, and the 40th Prime Minister of Japan during much of WWII.