Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
A segment of DNA on a chromosome that controls the production of a protein.
|
Gene
|
|
|
Another name for a sex cell.
|
Gamete |
|
|
A cellular structure that contains DNA.
|
Chromosome |
|
|
A_____ cell contains one (1) copy of each chromosome.
|
Haploid |
|
|
A_____ cell contains two (2) copies of each chromosome.
|
Diploid |
|
|
Pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent, are known as _____ chromosomes.
|
Homologous |
|
|
The process by which two haploid cells combine to form one diploid cell.
|
Fertilization |
|
|
The process by which segments of homologous chromosomes break off and change places with each other.
|
Crossing Over |
|
|
Mitosis involves _____ cell division(s).
|
One (1) |
|
|
Meiosis involves _____ cell division(s).
|
Two (2) |
|
|
What is the final result of mitosis?
|
2 genetically identical daughter cells
|
|
|
What is the final result of meiosis?
|
4 genetically different daughter cells
|
|
|
During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
|
Prophase I |
|
|
In_____ reproduction, an organism inherits its genetic material from a single parent.
|
Asexual |
|
|
In_____ reproduction, an organism inherits its genes from two different parents.
|
Sexual |
|
|
What is the result of sexual reproduction? |
Genetic Diversity |
|
Which phase of meiosis is pictured? |
Prophase I |
|
Which phase of meiosis is pictured?
|
Telophase I |
|
Which phase of meiosis is pictured?
|
Anaphase II |
|
Which phase of meiosis is pictured?
|
Cytokinesis II |
|
|
What is the separation of alleles that occurs during meiosis? |
Segregation |
|
|
Which branch of biology studies how traits are inherited? |
Genetics |
|
|
What are offspring that result from parents that have different forms of alleles for certain traits? |
Hybrid |
|
|
Which law states that every individual has two alleles of each gene and each gamete produced receives one of these alleles? |
Law of Segregation |
|
|
Which law states that genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other? |
Law of Independent Assortment |
|
|
What is the name given to the two different forms of a gene, one inherited from each parent? |
Alleles |
|
|
Which type of trait needs only one copy to be expressed? |
Dominant Trait |
|
|
Which type of trait requires two copies to be expressed? |
Recessive Trait |
|
|
What is a genotype? |
The allele combination that an organism contains. |
|
|
What is a phenotype? |
The way an organism looks and behaves. |
|
|
An organism's genotype when the two alleles for a trait are the same. |
Homozygous |
|
|
An organism's genotype when the two alleles for a trait are different. |
Heterozygous |
|
|
A plant _____________ when its male and female gametes come from the same plant. |
Self-pollinates |
|
|
Plants ____________ when the male and female gametes come from two different plants. |
Cross-pollinate |
|
|
A plant that is Yy will have yellow seeds. Yy is the plant's ________. |
Genotype |
|
|
A plant that is Rr will have round seeds. Round seeds is the plant's __________.
|
Phenotype |
|
|
TT represents a plant that is: |
Homozygous Dominant |
|
|
Tt represents a plant that is: |
Heterozygous |
|
|
tt represents a plant that is: |
Homozygous Recessive |
|
|
What is the diagram that is used to predict the possible outcomes for a particular cross or breeding experiment? |
Punnett Square |
